A laboratory study of three strains of codling moth,Carpocapsa pomonella(Linnaeus), exhibiting tolerance to DDT in the field

Abstract

Three field strains of DDT-resistant codling moths from differ ent areas in northern California were mass reared in the laboratory. The degree of DDT resistance in both larvae and adults was deter mined by using two methods of exposure to the insecticides. Topical applications (LD 50 ) were made to the moths, and the cage technique (LC 50 ) was used for the larvae. A DDT-susceptible labora tory strain of codling moth was used as the standard for comparison.The tests showed that all three of the field strains were resist ant to DDT, but further tests showed no cross-resistance to either the carbamate or phosphate insecticides tested.

Arthropod Resistance to Insecticides: A Key to Pest Control Failures and Successes in North American Apple Orchards

“…(Bailey & Madsen, 1964;Riedl, unpublished). Similar data have been reported in Australia (Table IV), where probably the most extensive selection study was done by Rose & Hooper (1969) who subjected populations to azinphosmethyl for 10 years and found no evidence of resistance in any of the populations tested'.…”

“…Thereafter, a number of published and unpublished tests have been conducted on strains of adult moths from the western and midwestern areas of North America without finding evidence of a significant change in the susceptibilities of populations America andAustralia (1959--1980) Riedl, unpublished (I.14 9 (1978Riedl, unpublished (I.14 9 ( ---1980) DFFS (Santa Clara Co.) California 0.19 d 0.21 9 * Values for mixed sexes of adults unless indicated otherwise. (Bailey & Madsen, 1964;Riedl, unpublished). Similar data have been reported in Australia (Table IV), where probably the most extensive selection study was done by Rose & Hooper (1969) who subjected populations to azinphosmethyl for 10 years and found no evidence of resistance in any of the populations tested'.…”

THE SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INSECTICIDES OF CYDIA POMONELLA (LINNAEUS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) FROM QUEENSLAND

“…These authors suggested that a dosage of 2 pg DDT per moth could be used as a discriminating dosage for the detection of DDT-resistance. The data of Bailey and Madsen (1964) for the same susceptible strain as used by Barnes and Moffitt (1963) show that 2 pg DDT per moth killed all susceptible individuals and Morris and van Baer (1959) also recommended 2 pg DDT per moth as a discriminating dosage.…”

“…1968b). It is believed that the continuous-exposure test described in this paper provides "a convenient and practical way of monitoring for resistance" (Anon. 1968b) in C. pomonella and that the method warrants evaluation by other investigators.…”

“…The second method involves topical application of known amounts of toxicant in a volatile solvent to individual moths and has been used by a number of workers. Barnes and Moffitt (1963) and Bailey and Madsen (1964) pointed out that with DDT, control of adult C. pomonella was probably of greater significance than control of larvae although most field evaluations of insecticides are based on larvicidal action. Barnes and Moffitt (1963) also found that resistance to DDT was much greater, and more easily detectable, in moths than in larvae.…”