A lacustrine record of East Asian summer monsoon and atmospheric dust loading since the last interglaciation from Lake Xingkai, northeast China

Abstract

A 336-cm-long sediment core spanning the last 130 ka was recovered from Lake Xingkai on the northeastern margin of the East Asian summer monsoon domain to reveal the linkage between lacustrine depositional processes and environmental changes. Bayesian end member modeling analysis was conducted to partition and interpret the grain-size distributions of Lake Xingkai sediments. Our results suggest that the sedimentary system is characterized by three end members (EMs). EM1 and EM2, with a modal value of 13 and 10 μm, respectively, indicate the variation of local hydraulic conditions. EM3, with a modal value of 5 μm, reflects the background atmospheric dust loading. High atmospheric dust concentration generally occurred during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5d, MIS 4, and early MIS 3, when the climate in the Asian dust source region was cold and dry. In contrast, low dust concentration prevailed during MIS 2, likely due to the southward shift of the westerlies driven by maximum ice volume in the high latitudes.

Variations in Sediment Grain Size from a Lake in the Tianshan Mountain of Central Asia: Implications for Paleoprecipitation Reconstruction

“…During the process of lake sedimentation, changes in rainfall affecting the intensity of surface runoff can also determine to a considerable extent the amounts of coarse and terrigenous clastic materials entering the lake. In years with heavy rainfall, the capacity of surface runoff for erosion and transport is enhanced, and the sediment particle size in the runoff is increased; in dry years with low rainfall, surface runoff is low, making it difficult to transport coarse particulate matter to the lake, and the sediment particle size in the runoff decreases [62,63]. In arid and semi-arid regions, during humid periods, precipitation is high, lake water levels are high, and the sediment particles are coarse [64].…”

East Asian winter monsoon evolution since the late Pliocene based on a pollen record from Lake Xingkai, northeast Asia

“…Lake Xingkai (Khanka) is a major tributary of the Ussuri River, located in the southwest part of Xingkaihu Plain. The surface area is 4200 km 2 , the catchment area is ~20,400 km 2 , the average water depth is ~4.5 m, the maximum water depth is ~10 m, and the elevation of the modern lake level is 69 m above sea level (m asl) (Long et al, 2015; Sun et al, 2018). The only outflow is the Songacha River in the eastern part of the lake basin (Fig.…”

“…Xingkai Basin is located in northeast Asia and is directly influenced by the Siberian high that promotes the equatorward development of a strong EAWM (Sun et al, 2018) (Fig. 1).…”

Glacial-interglacial vegetation changes in northeast China inferred from isotopic composition of pyrogenic carbon from Lake Xingkai sediments

“…Its chronology is based on the correlation of the magnetic susceptibility with XK08-A1, which was dated using the OSL method (Fig. 2a, Long et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2018). It was supported by an AMS 14 C age from twigs at 64 cm depth, which was dated to ca.…”

“…(a) Stratigraphy correlation of core XK08-A2 (red), XK-1 (blue), and XK08-A1 (purple), dated using the optically stimulated luminescence method(Long et al, 2015;Sun et al, 2018); (b) Age-depth model for the Lake Xingkai upper 70-cm sediment produced with Bacon software. Dotted lines indicate the 95% confidence range and the solid line indicates the weighted mean ages for each depth; Linear correlations between δ 13 C values of surface soils and (a) corresponding MAT, (b) warmest month temperature, (c) MAP and (d) growing season precipitation.…”