A Lagrangian Description of Buoyancy Effects on Aircraft Wake Vortices from Wing Tips near a Heated Ground Plane

Abstract

The present paper introduces the key ideas of a purely Lagrangian temperature particle method, which includes preheating effects on fluid flow nearest a heated wall. The numerical approach is then applied for the study of mixed heat transfer on aircraft wake vortices from wing tips in the vicinity of a heated ground plane, a situation commonly found during landing or takeoff operations at airports around the world. It was found in the literature experimental results of an investigation without the effects of heat transfer and crosswind, which were useful for a comparison with some present numerical results. Other numerical results are also discussed, focusing on the physics of the effects of mixed convection heat transfer and crosswind. As a contribution, the Richardson number is defined in terms of both aircraft wingspan and constant ground plane temperature, being the most important dimensionless group to capture the effects of laminar ascending mixed convection flow. The present methodology presents potentialities for predicting the transport and decay of primary vortical structures (under buoyancy forces), including their interaction with secondary vortical structures generated from a ground plane.

Lagrangian Vortices Interactions Using Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) and Surface Roughness Model—Application for Aircraft Wake Vortices with Crosswind

“…As a future study, we also plan to simulate buoyancy forces acting on aircraft wake vortices in the vicinity of a rough ground plane exchanging heat with the fluid flow [30]. For this, the second-order velocity structure function model of the filtered field will be incorporated into the energy equation to capture interaction between particle temperatures and vortex blobs.…”

“…In a recent paper from our research group, Moraes et al [30] utilized a Lagrangian temperature particle method to study buoyance effects on aircraft wake vortices near a ground plane; however, turbulence modelling and roughness effects were not included.…”

Effect of Surface Roughness on Aerodynamic Loads of Bluff Body in Vicinity of Smoothed Moving Wall

“…In addition to the study of bluff bodies, the DVM, aided with LES, has supported investigations into the behavior of aircraft vortex wakes under the influence of crosswinds in landing and take-off operations, without considering [48] or considering [49] the roughness of the airport runway. The conditions of the influence of heat transfer through mixed convection on the rebound of vortical structures when encountering a heated runway [50] were analyzed with the DVM without LESs. In this context, Carvalho et al [49] used the roughness model of Bimbato et al [27].…”

Transporting Particles with Vortex Rings

“…Recent research in the field of computer modeling of turbulent flows and optimization methods for the simulation of various hydrodynamic effects [7] has made it possible to study complex processes that are difficult to describe analytically. The mentioned computer experiments allowed one to solve different engineering problems, such as, for example, a Lagrangian description of buoyancy effects on aircraft wake vorticity [8]. Another example of the engineering application of vorticity research is advancement the of helicopter technologies [9] by finding optimal ways to prevent helicopters from entering a dangerous vortex ring state.…”