“…For the former, there is a need of precursor optimization, and the synthesis usually experiences rather harsh and complicated procedures such as high-temperature (∼1300 °C) CVD, 12 metal-catalyzed growth, 13 laser ablation, 14 and others that involve special instruments. 15 As for the latter, the doping is realized by high-temperature treatment of CNTs with nitrogen precursors such as NH 3 , pyridine, and pyrrole. 16 However, the above synthetic techniques usually suffer from drawbacks such as low degree of N doping, severe loss of edge nitrogen and abundant formation of structural defects, making the resulted N-doped CNTs unsatisfactory in performance.…”