A Laminar Flow Model for Mucous Gel Transport in a Cough Machine Simulating Trachea: Effect of Surfactant as a Sol Phase Layer

Abstract

In this paper, a planar three layer quasi-steady laminar flow model is proposed in a cough machine which simulates mucous gel transport in model trachea due to mild forced expiration. The flow is governed by the time dependent pressure gradient generated in trachea due to mild forced expiration. Mucous gel is represented by a viscoelastic Voigt element whereas sol phase fluid and air are considered as Newtonian fluids. For fixed airflow rate, it is shown that when the viscosity of mucous gel is small, mucous gel transport decreases as the elastic modulus increases. However, elastic modulus has negligible effect on large gel viscosity. It is also shown that for fixed airflow rate and fixed airway dimension, mucous gel transport increases with the thickness of sol phase fluid and this increase is further enhanced as the viscosity of sol phase fluid decreases. The effect of surfactant is studied by considering sol phase as surfactant layer which causes slip at the wall and interface of sol phase and mucous gel. It is found that in the presence of surfactant mucous gel transport is enhanced.

Free and Forced Convective Flow in Pleural Fluid with Effect of Injection between Different Permeable Regions

“…The object of the present paper is to study the flow past an accelerated finite vertical plate with variable velocity and temperature effect of suction/injection.The term viscoelasticity has been used to describe flow techniques of the mucus layer. The mucus fluid is an extremely complicated organic material, in terms of substantial properties, which has both stream and deformity (visco elasticity) properties defined by non-Newtonian thickness and time-subordinate stream (thixotropy) properties by Dipak Kumar et al [4]. With insight of the present model, this was the principal mathematical study to analyze the motion viscoelasticity nature and radiative heat transfer of mucous gel because of clinical qualities of COVID-19 with PE.…”

“…The equations are governing the laminar flow of mucous gel and pleural fluid under unsteady position can be drafted Dipak Kumar Satpathi et al [4] as:…”

“…Satpathi and Ramu [4] studied a cough machine simulating the transport of mucous gel in the trachea due to mild forced expiration of a three-layer quasi-steady laminar flow. The effect of surfactant is considering a sol phase as a surfactant layer established that creates slip at the wall and coordinates of sol phase and mucous gel.…”