A laminar forced convection via transport of water–copper–aluminum hybrid nanofluid through heated deep and shallow cavity with Corcione model

Abstract

The article explores how fluid flows and heat transfers in both deep and shallow cavities when using a nanofluid made of water, copper, and aluminum oxide. The study applies the Corcione model to hybrid nanofluids, which considers viscosity, conductivity, and the size of the nanoparticle, temperature, and Reynolds number. The cavity is connected to a rectangular channel, with the cavity's length being half the total length of the enclosure, and the aspect ratio (cavity height divided by height of the channel) is tested from 1 to 3. The study uses the Navier–Stokes equation and energy equation in two dimensions, along with finite element-based software, COMSOL 5.6, to simulate the combination of fluid flow and heat transmission. The results show a circular distribution of temperature in the cavity, and the average temperature drops as the volume fraction of copper upsurges. However, both the Reynolds number and volume fraction of copper improve the average Nusselt number, which shows how well the fluid transfers heat, along the cavity's middle line. The percentage change in the average Nusselt number decreases as the aspect ratio increases, indicating improved conduction.

Numerical investigation of heat transfer and fluid flow characteristics of ternary nanofluids through convergent and divergent channels

“…These are the basic variables that are obtained after the numerical solution. Then, a post-processing procedure is started to calculate the computational values given below: 6–8,10,12,13…”

“…To determine the convection properties of hybrid nanofluids in heated deep and shallow cavities, numerical research was carried out in ref. 12 . This study employed the Corcione nanofluid model, which was developed using Comsol 5.6, a program that is based on the finite element method.…”

Numerical Study and Statistical Approach of the Impact of Nanofluids on Mixed Convection in a Ventilated Cavity

“…Research on nanofluids has shown great potential for optimizing heat transfer behavior in mixed convection systems within ventilated cavities. By studying the effect of nanoparticle density and comparing the performance of nanofluids with that of pure water with respect to heat transfer properties, it has been shown that nanofluids represent a promising means of enhancing heat transfer efficiency in engineering applications [1][2][3][4].…”

Ternary Hybrid Nanofluids Containing Gyrotactic Microorganisms with Magnetohydrodynamics Effect over a Shrinking/Stretching of the Horizontal Plate

“…Motile microorganisms are added with the dilute suspension of nanoparticles in the base fluid to enhance mass transfer, microscale mixing, to improve nanofluids stability, and to prevent nanoparticle agglomeration in nanofluids [2]. It has been discovered that the nanofluids and hybrid nanofluids have a substantial influence on fluid velocity, temperature, skin friction, and heat transfer rates under different models and situations [3][4][5][6].…”