A landscape of recent advances in lipid nanoparticles and their translational potential for the treatment of solid tumors

Abstract

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are biocompatible drug delivery systems that have found numerous applications in medicine. Their versatile nature enables the encapsulation and targeting of various types of medically relevant molecular cargo, including oligonucleotides, proteins, and small molecules for the treatment of diseases, such as cancer. Cancers that form solid tumors are particularly relevant for LNP‐based therapeutics due to the enhanced permeation and retention effect that allows nanoparticles to accumulate within the tumor tissue. Additionally, LNPs can be formulated for both locoregional and systemic delivery depending on the tumor type and stage. To date, LNPs have been used extensively in the clinic to reduce systemic toxicity and improve outcomes in cancer patients by encapsulating chemotherapeutic drugs. Next‐generation lipid nanoparticles are currently being developed to expand their use in gene therapy and immunotherapy, as well as to enable the co‐encapsulation of multiple drugs in a single system. Other developments include the design of targeted LNPs to specific cells and tissues, and triggerable release systems to control cargo delivery at the tumor site. This review paper highlights recent developments in LNP drug delivery formulations and focuses on the treatment of solid tumors, while also discussing some of their current translational limitations and potential opportunities in the field.

Naringenin as potent anticancer phytocompound in breast carcinoma: from mechanistic approach to nanoformulations based therapeutics

“…Nanoformulations can be engineered to achieve a sustained release of naringenin, ensuring consistent therapeutic concentrations in the bloodstream for an extended duration and minimizing the need for frequent administration. Nanoformulations can utilize the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, whereby nanoparticles preferentially accumulate in tumor tissues due to their porous blood vessels, augmenting the concentration of naringenin at the tumor site ( Paun et al, 2024 ). Nanoparticles can be used to overcome efflux systems, such as P-glycoprotein, which decreases the amount of naringenin inside cells, increasing its therapeutic effectiveness ( Bhia et al, 2021 ).…”