A Large Antenna Array for Ka-Band Satcom-on-the-Move Applications—Accurate Modeling and Experimental Characterization

Lesur, Benoit; Maati, Amel; Thévenot, Marc; Menudier, Cyrille; Arnaud, Éric; Monédière, Thierry; Melle, Christophe; Chaimbault, David; Karas, Alain

doi:10.1109/tap.2018.2851296

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The accurate analysis of this kind of array is not a trivial task. The analysis of the array can involve considering either the periodic and infinite lattice method [39] thanks to periodic boundaries on a unit cell and to a Floquet-Bloch formalism, or by considering the periodic but finite array method [40]. However, an extrapolation to sparse arrays is not possible, since the mutual coupling and shadowing effects generate almost similar radiation patterns, which means that constructive and destructive interferences are visible at almost the same radiation pattern angles for all of the antennas.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Densification Of The Receiving Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Massively Parallel Implementation of FETI-2LM Methods for the Simulation of the Sparse Receiving Array Evolution of the GRAVES Radar System for Space Surveillance and Tracking

Barka

2019

IEEE Access

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This paper presents the massively parallel implementation of the FETI-2LM techniques (Finite Element Tearing and Interconnecting with two Lagrange Multipliers) in the FACTOPO code to solve largescale sparse receiving array evolutions of the GRAVES bistatic radar in the VHF band. There are four main ingredients in the proposed work and methodology: 1) the implementation of a total field weak formulation of FETI-2LM algorithms for multi-sources modeling using an efficient block Krylov recycling strategy for the calculation of the hundreds of antenna embedded radiation patterns of the sparse array; 2) the implementation of a meshing strategy consisting in generating the sparse array by populating a regular periodic grid; 3) the implementation of the proposed methodology on massively parallel clusters; 4) the investigation of performances of the optimized GRAVES elementary antenna in the VHF band, followed by the demonstration of the expected gain performances even with stronger interferences due to the densification of the array. These simulations of the GRAVES sparse array requiring the resolution of sparse linear systems with 10.47 billion unknowns have been made possible thanks to recent developments of the FETI-2LM domain decomposition method and the use of 13, 692 Intel Xeon Broadwell E5-2680v4 computing cores. A total of 3.8 million cumulated hours have been invested in the interest of the augmentation of the antennas. Until now FETI-2LM methods have been successfully implemented for antenna and diffraction electromagnetic simulations in the S-C-X-Ku and Ka bands and to the best to our knowledge this is the first time that they have been used in the VHF band.INDEX TERMS Aerospace control, bi-static radar, Doppler radar, digital beamforming, low earth orbit satellites, parallel machines, supercomputers, radar tracking, real-time systems, space surveillance and tracking, sparse array, very-high frequencies, wide area surveillance, finite element methods, finite element tearing and interconnecting, FETI, domain decomposition methods, VHF band, FACTOPO.

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Section: Evaluation Of the Densification Of The Receiving Arraymentioning

confidence: 99%

Massively Parallel Implementation of FETI-2LM Methods for the Simulation of the Sparse Receiving Array Evolution of the GRAVES Radar System for Space Surveillance and Tracking

Barka

2019

IEEE Access

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“…well as all its electronic components (amplifiers, attenuators, power splitters and phase shifters) and S parameters effects on the active reflection coefficient. For example ONERA [6], [7] and XLIM University of Limoges [8]- [11] have shown the advantage of characterizing an antenna array by on the one hand the set of embedded radiation diagrams and on the other hand the Generalized Scattering Matrix (GSM) of the array. This then makes it possible to calculate by linear recombinations the antenna diagrams for scanning in azimuth and elevation without having to repeat the 3D simulations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The method proposed in [10], [11], by taking advantage of existing formalisms on periodic arrays [3], [12], [13] and by using appropriate methods to efficiently exploit such formulations, accurately defines the performances of all building blocks, from the feeding circuits to the radiating elements, over a frequency range. However, the methodology to extract the scattering matrix of the array is based on a mix of periodic approximations (for the center elements) and partial local embedded zones for the border elements of the array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of Active Reflection Coefficient Phenomena of Large Antenna Array Using FEM Domain Decomposition Methods

Barka

Jacquinot²

2020

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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This paper proposes the application of the Finite Element Tearing and Interconnecting method (FETI-2LM) a Domain Decompositon Method (DDM) [1], [2] for the full-wave simulation of large antenna array (few thousands of radiating elements). The proposed methodology makes it possible to efficiently calculate in a post-processing step the antenna patterns for steering directions within the desired field of view while taking into account the active reflection coefficients. The methodology is based on an efficient extraction of the embedded radiating elements far field radiation patterns as well as the Generalized Scattering Matrix (GSM) [3] of the array by implementing massively parallel computers. The beauty of the GSM is its capability to handle the active S-parameters independently of the steering direction. This permits to generate the angulardependent active reflection coefficients by post-processing. This implementation is a step forward to provide us with a tool that permits to evaluate by simulation large antenna array while taking into account all the phenomena and interactions that may degrade the key performances that are required at a higher level, to specify a global system before fabrication.

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“…To guarantee high-quality service, it requires wideband, multi-band, high-gain, or multiply polarized antennas [12]. Microstrip patch antennas (MPAs) [13], waveguide or horn antennas [14], and reflector antennas [15] are widely used in SatCom systems. Since DRAs enjoy wider bandwidth and higher efficiency than MPAs [9], [10], smaller feeding networks than waveguide antennas, and more compact size than reflectors, they are competent in SatCom.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, antennas without firm structure tend to break down. MPAs are etched on circuit boards with their feeding networks [13]. Waveguide antennas use flange plates and advanced machining to ensure firmness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fixing and Aligning Methods for Dielectric Resonator Antennas in K Band and Beyond

Pan

Wang

et al. 2019

IEEE Access

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Various conventional and novel fixing strategies for dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs) in K band and beyond are presented and investigated. Their effects on DRAs are studied in depth and explained theoretically through the perturbation theory and basic principles of DRAs. Multifunctional fixtures which achieve different antenna performance are then proposed and discussed. Their mechanisms for offering flexible bandwidth, miniaturization, frequency diversity, low cross polarization, and circular polarization are explained. In practical applications, glue is used besides fixtures to increase reliability, and its influence on antenna performance is difficult to predict. By considering various glue distributions in simulation beforehand, potential performance degradation is successfully mitigated. For validation, a four-element DRA array for 24-GHz automotive radars is fabricated. The results demonstrate that the proposed fixing strategy provides superior characteristics such as shock-resistance, fabrication and assembly simplicity, and robust antenna performance. INDEX TERMS Alignment, antenna fixtures, automotive antennas, dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs).

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A Large Antenna Array for Ka-Band Satcom-on-the-Move Applications—Accurate Modeling and Experimental Characterization

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Massively Parallel Implementation of FETI-2LM Methods for the Simulation of the Sparse Receiving Array Evolution of the GRAVES Radar System for Space Surveillance and Tracking

Massively Parallel Implementation of FETI-2LM Methods for the Simulation of the Sparse Receiving Array Evolution of the GRAVES Radar System for Space Surveillance and Tracking

Simulation of Active Reflection Coefficient Phenomena of Large Antenna Array Using FEM Domain Decomposition Methods

Fixing and Aligning Methods for Dielectric Resonator Antennas in K Band and Beyond

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