A large-scale low-background liquid scintillation detector: the counting test facility at Gran Sasso

Alimonti, G.; Arpesella, C.; Bacchiocchi, G.; Balata, M.; Bellini, G.; Benziger, J.; Bonetti, S.; Brigatti, A.; Cadonati, L.; Calaprice, F.; Cavaletti, Romano; Cecchet, G.; Chen, M; Darnton, N.; deBari, A.; Deutsch, Martin; Elisei, Fausto; Feilitzsch, F. von; Galbiati, C.; Garagiola, A.; Gatti, F.; Giammarchi, M.; Giugni, D.; Goldbrunner, T.; Golubchikov, A.; Goretti, A.; Grabar, S.; Hagner, T.; Hartmann, F.; Hentig, R. von; Heusser, G.; Ianni, Aldo; Jochum, J.; Johnson, M.; Laubenstein, M.; Loeser, F.; Lombardi, P.; Magni, Stefano; Malvezzi, S.; Manno, I.; Manuzio, G.; Masetti, F.; Mazzucato, U.; Meroni, E.; Neff, M.; Nisi, S.; Nostro, A.; Oberauer, L.; Perotti, Angelo; Preda, Anna; Raghavan, P.; Raghavan, R. S.; Ranucci, G.; Resconi, E.; Ruscitti, P; Scardaoni, R.; Schöenert, S.; Smirnov, O.; Tartaglia, R.; Testera, G.; Ullucci, P.; Vogelaar, R. B.; Vitale, S.; Zaimidoroga, O.

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(98)00018-7

Cited by 144 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…These PMTs collect the Cherenkov light emitted by muons or muons' electromagnetic shower products in the water. The WCV uses the water tank from the Borexino Counting Test Facility (CTF) [39], and the design draws on the muon detector of the Borexino experiment. The water used to fill the WCV was purified using the Borexino water purification plant, described in [40], which purifies water to the levels shown in table 4.…”

Section: The Water Cherenkov Vetomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are the same PMTs used by the CTF experiment [39], after 15 years of continuous operation. These PMTs have a peak quantum efficiency of -25% at 380 nm and a dark rate of -2 5 0 0 Hz.…”

Section: Wcv Photomultiplier Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each PMT is surrounded by a conical light collector, made of UV-transparent acrylic coated with layers of silver and copper with a protective layer of acrylic painted on top [39]. These light collectors increase the effective coverage of the PMTs.…”

Section: Wcv Photomultiplier Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Results from the first use of low radioactivity argon in a dark matter search

Agnes¹,

Agostino²,

Albuquerque³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. D

184

239

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A b s tra c t: Nuclear recoil events produced by neutron scatters form one of the most important classes of background in WIMP direct detection experiments, as they may produce nuclear recoils that look exactly like W IMP interactions. In DarkSide-50, we both actively suppress and measure the rate of neutron-induced background events using our neutron veto, composed of a boron-loaded liquid scintillator detector within a water Cherenkov detector. This paper is devoted to the description of the neutron veto system of DarkSide-50, including the detector structure, the fundamentals of event reconstruction and data analysis, and basic performance parameters.

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Section: The Water Cherenkov Vetomentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Wcv Photomultiplier Tubesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Results from the first use of low radioactivity argon in a dark matter search

Agnes¹,

Agostino²,

Albuquerque³

et al. 2016

Phys. Rev. D

184

239

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The PC sum formula is C 9 H 12 and the molecular weight is 120.2 g/mol. It has a density of 0.876 g/cm 3 and a flash point of 48 o C. The PC solvent was provided by the Italian company Enichem (now Polimeri Europa) located in Sardinia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has a high density (0.988 g/cm 3 ), a low vapor pressure, and a high flash point of 145 o C. The PXE used in this work has been produced by the American Koch Special Chemical Company in Texas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse-shape discrimination with the Counting Test Facility

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Balata

Bellini

et al. 2008

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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Pulse shape discrimination (PSD) is one of the most distinctive features of liquid scintillators. Since the introduction of the scintillation technique in the field of particle detection, many studies have been carried out to characterize intrinsic properties of the most common liquid scintillator mixtures in this respect. Several application methods and algorithms able to achieve optimum discrimination performances have been developed. However, the vast majority of these studies have been performed on samples of small dimensions. The Counting Test Facility, prototype of the solar neutrino experiment Borexino, as a 4 ton spherical scintillation detector immersed in 1000 tons of 3 shielding water, represents a unique opportunity to extend the small-sample PSD studies to a largevolume setup. Specifically, in this work we consider two different liquid scintillation mixtures employed in CTF, illustrating for both the PSD characterization results obtained either with the processing of the scintillation waveform through the optimum Gatti's method, or via a more conventional discrimination approach based on the charge content of the scintillation tail. The outcomes of this study, while interesting per se, are also of paramount importance in view of the expected Borexino detector performances, where PSD will be an essential tool in the framework of the background rejection strategy needed to achieve the required sensitivity to the solar neutrino signals.

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Geoneutrinos in Borexino

Giammarchi¹,

Miramonti²

Neutrino Geophysics: Proceedings of Neutrino Sciences 2005

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This paper describes the Borexino detector and the high-radiopurity studies and tests that are integral part of the Borexino technology and development. The application of Borexino to the detection and studies of geoneutrinos is discussed.. The Gran Sasso National LaboratoryThe Gran Sasso National Laboratory (Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso -LNGS), home of the Borexino experiment, is the world's largest underground laboratory. It is located in the center of Italy in the highway tunnel between Teramo and L'Aquila under the "Monte Aquila" (Gran Sasso mountain). The laboratory is financed and operated by the Italian National Institute for Nuclear Physics (Infn). Its total underground volume is about 180,000 m 3 with an area greater than 13500 m 2 . It is composed of three main experimental halls (20 m high, 18 m wide and 100 m long). The overburden rock is on the average about 1,400 m, equivalent to 3,700 meters of water. The muon flux is reduced by about 6 orders of magnitude to a value of approximately 1.1 muons per square meter per hour, whereas the neutron flux is of the order of 3 × 10 −6 neutrons per square centimeter per second with energies greater than 2.5 MeV.The rock of the Gran Sasso mountain has a density of 2.71 ± 0.05 g · cm −3 , and consists mainly of CaCO 3 and M gCO 3 [1]. The primordial radionuclide content of the rock of Hall C is 0.66 ± 0.14 ppm for 238 U, 0.066 ± 0.025 ppm for the 232 Th and 160 ppm for K [2]. The radioactive content of the concrete employed as experimental hall liner is 1.05 ± 0.12 ppm for 238 U and 0.656 ± 0.028 ppm for the 232 Th [3].The LNGS hosts about 15 experiments of astroparticle physiscs such as neutrino research, double beta decay physics, dark matter studies and nuclear astrophysics. Interdisciplinary studies (biology, geology) are also conducted in the LNGS underground location.The Borexino detector is located in one of the big underground experimental halls, hall C. The Borexino detectorBorexino is a real time experiment whose main goal is to study the low energy (sub-MeV) solar neutrinos, and in particular the 862 keV 7 Be solar neutrino line, through the neutrino-electron elastic scattering reaction. The maximum energy of the recoiling electron is 664 keV and the experimental design threshold is set at 250 keV [4].

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A large-scale low-background liquid scintillation detector: the counting test facility at Gran Sasso

Cited by 144 publications

References 20 publications

Results from the first use of low radioactivity argon in a dark matter search

Results from the first use of low radioactivity argon in a dark matter search

Pulse-shape discrimination with the Counting Test Facility

Geoneutrinos in Borexino

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