A large silicon-aluminum aerosol plume in Central Illinois: North African desert dust?

Gatz, Donald F.; Prospero, Joseph M.

doi:10.1016/1352-2310(96)00111-2

Cited by 54 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The ratios of other crustal elements to Al in ADEs at Chongqing and Beijing appear to be similar to those of bulk soil, as has been found by other studies (Gatz and Prospero, 1996;Holmes and Zoller, 1996;Perry et al, 1997;Prospero et al, 2001;Guo et al, 2004;Cheng et al, 2005). Although Si/Al for both events is 30% lower than in bulk soil (3.83, Taylor and McLennan, 1995), they are quite close to those of transported dust, such as Asian dust in Zhengbeitai (1.9, Arimoto et al, 2004) and Saharan dust over the North Atlantic (2.0-2.3, Chiapello et al, 1997), Italy (2.3, Marenco et al, 2006) and America (2.0, Gatz and Prospero, 1996).…”

Section: Crustal Elements: Si Ca Mgsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Although Si/Al for both events is 30% lower than in bulk soil (3.83, Taylor and McLennan, 1995), they are quite close to those of transported dust, such as Asian dust in Zhengbeitai (1.9, Arimoto et al, 2004) and Saharan dust over the North Atlantic (2.0-2.3, Chiapello et al, 1997), Italy (2.3, Marenco et al, 2006) and America (2.0, Gatz and Prospero, 1996). This depletion is attributed to the fact that the Si-enriched particles are usually large, and fall out rapidly during transport, which enables low Si/Al to be a potential indicator of aged transported dust (Gatz and Prospero, 1996;Negi et al, 2009). …”

Section: Crustal Elements: Si Ca Mgmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dust storms come to Central and Southwestern China, too: implications from a major dust event in Chongqing

Zhao

Rahn

et al. 2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Dust storms from major Asian sources are usually carried by northwesterly or westerly winds over Northern and Southeastern China to the Pacific Ocean. These pathways leave Central and Southwestern China nearly free of incursions. But a strong dust event on 5-6 May 2005 was captured in a 15-month series of weekly filter samples of PM 2.5 at three sites in Chongqing. It illustrated that desert dust can be transported to this region, and sometimes strongly. Annual PM 2.5 and dust were similar at the three sites, but higher than in simultaneous samples in Beijing. High correlations of dust concentrations were found between the cities during spring, indicating that Asian dust affects a broader swath of China than is often realized. During the event, the concentrations of mineral dust were high at all sites (20-30 µg m −3 ; 15%-20% of PM 2.5 in Chongqing, and 15 µg m −3 ; 20%-30% of PM 2.5 in Beijing), and were part of a broader spring maximum. The proportions of crustal elements and pollution-derived components such as Pb, SO

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Section: Crustal Elements: Si Ca Mgsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Crustal Elements: Si Ca Mgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dust storms come to Central and Southwestern China, too: implications from a major dust event in Chongqing

Zhao

Rahn

et al. 2010

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…As previously stated, African dust has a remarkably uniform mineralogical and elemental composition. In contrast, locally or regionally derived dusts in the eastern United States appear to have distinctly different characteristics and a much more variable composition, as suggested by the studies of elemental composition (9,(43)(44)48).…”

Section: African Dust Transport To Miami: An Example Of Possible Air mentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Indeed, the progress of some of these dust incursions could be followed in the data as they moved from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico into the southern states and across the northeast United States. Independently, in a retrospective study of data from a field program held in central Illinois in the summer of 1979, Gatz and Prospero (44) noted the occurrence of unusually high concentrations of Si, Al, and other crustal elements carried by winds from the Gulf of Mexico. Concurrent mineral dust measurements at Miami show that there was a strong influx of North African dust at the same time.…”

Section: African Dust Transport To Miami: An Example Of Possible Air mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-range transport of mineral dust in the global atmosphere: Impact of African dust on the environment of the southeastern United States

Prospero

1999

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

Self Cite

518

379

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Soil dust is a major constituent of airborne particles in the global atmosphere. Dust plumes frequently cover huge areas of the earth; they are one of the most prominent and commonly visible features in satellite imagery. Dust is believed to play a role in many biogeochemical processes, but the importance of dust in these processes is not well understood because of the dearth of information about the global distribution of dust and its physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties. This paper describes some features of the large-scale distribution of dust and identifies some of the geological characteristics of important source areas. The transport of dust from North Africa is presented as an example of possible long-range dust effects, and the impact of African dust on environmental processes in the western North Atlantic and the southeastern United States is assessed. Dust transported over long distances usually has a mass median diameter <10 m. Small wind-borne soil particles show signs of extensive weathering; consequently, the physical and chemical properties of the particles will greatly depend on the weathering history in the source region and on the subsequent modifications that occur during transit in the atmosphere (typically a period of a week or more). To fully understand the role of dust in the environment and in human health, mineralogists will have to work closely with scientists in other disciplines to characterize the properties of mineral particles as an ensemble and as individual particles especially with regard to surface characteristics.

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“…Some previous study (e.g. Gatz and Prospero, 1996) has used the infrequency of summertime dust plumes to exclude the possibility of the impact of dust storms on regional air quality. This work and several previous modeling studies suggest that it is possible to see summertime impact of dust aerosols originated from the western United States.…”

Section: Dust Activities In the Western United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term dust climatology in the western United States reconstructed from routine aerosol ground monitoring

Tong

Wang

et al. 2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. This study introduces an observation-based dust identification approach and applies it to reconstruct longterm dust climatology in the western United States. Longterm dust climatology is important for quantifying the effects of atmospheric aerosols on regional and global climate. Although many routine aerosol monitoring networks exist, it is often difficult to obtain dust records from these networks, because these monitors are either deployed far away from dust active regions (most likely collocated with dense population) or contaminated by anthropogenic sources and other natural sources, such as wildfires and vegetation detritus. Here we propose an approach to identify local dust events relying solely on aerosol mass and composition from general-purpose aerosol measurements. Through analyzing the chemical and physical characteristics of aerosol observations during satellite-detected dust episodes, we select five indicators to be used to identify local dust records: (1) high PM 10 concentrations; (2) low PM 2.5 /PM 10 ratio; (3) higher concentrations and percentage of crustal elements; (4) lower percentage of anthropogenic pollutants; and (5) low enrichment factors of anthropogenic elements. After establishing these identification criteria, we conduct hierarchical cluster analysis for all validated aerosol measurement data over 68 IMPROVE sites in the western United States. A total of 182 local dust events were identified over 30 of the 68 locations from 2000 to 2007. These locations are either close to the four US Deserts, namely the Great Basin Desert, the Mojave Desert, the Sonoran Desert, and the Chihuahuan Desert, or in the high wind power region (Colorado). During the eight-year study period, the total number of dust events displays an interesting four-year activity cycle (one in 2000- The monthly frequency of dust events shows a peak from March to July and a second peak in autumn from September to November. The large quantity of dust events occurring in summertime also suggests the prevailing impact of windblown dust across the year. This seasonal variation is consistent with previous model simulations over the United States.

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A large silicon-aluminum aerosol plume in Central Illinois: North African desert dust?

Cited by 54 publications

References 12 publications

Dust storms come to Central and Southwestern China, too: implications from a major dust event in Chongqing

Dust storms come to Central and Southwestern China, too: implications from a major dust event in Chongqing

Long-range transport of mineral dust in the global atmosphere: Impact of African dust on the environment of the southeastern United States

Long-term dust climatology in the western United States reconstructed from routine aerosol ground monitoring

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