A Latent Profile Analysis of Violent Offenders Based on PCL-R Factor Scores: Criminogenic Needs and Recidivism Risk

Lehmann, Robert; Neumann, Craig S.; Hare, Robert D.; Biedermann, Jürgen; Dahle, Klaus-Peter; Mokros, Andreas

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00627

Cited by 16 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Both factors, as well as total scores, were valid predictors of 2‐year violent recidivism in one study reporting on the predictive power of the PCL‐R in a Swedish violent offender sample (Grann, Långström, Tengström, & Kullgren, 1999). Similarly, PCL‐R total scores have been found to predict both general and violent recidivism among German male violent offenders (Lehmann et al, 2019). Factor 2 scores, than total and Factor 1, was better to predict Finnish offenders' general recidivism (Ojala, Tiihonen, Repo‐Tiihonen, Tikkanen, & Virkkunen, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The utility of the Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised (PCL‐R) facet and item scores in predicting violent recidivism

Sohn

Raine

Lee

2020

Aggressive Behavior

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There is relatively limited research on psychopathy in non-Caucasian ethnic groups and even less on the utility of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) that focuses on PCL-R facet and item scores in predicting violent recidivism. In this study, we assessed the utility of the PCL-R in prospectively predicting violent versus nonviolent recidivism during an 11-year follow-up window. A high-risk sample of 451 incarcerated Korean male offenders was assessed on the PCL-R at baseline. A total of 445 were reconvicted after release (353 violent and 92 nonviolent recidivists). Psychopathy facet scores were higher in violent compared to nonviolent recidivists. Facet 2 (affective) showed the strongest effect size (Cohen's d = 0.53; Percentage change in odds = 22.6%) in predicting violent recidivism. Analyses of the four items constituting the affective facet indicated that callous/lack of empathy (Percentage change in odds = 134.4%) and failure to accept responsibility (Percentage change in odds = 94.5%) were the strongest predictors of violent recidivism. Findings are to our knowledge the first to document the utility of the PCL-R in distinguishing violent from nonviolent recidivism and highlight the role of affective impairment (particularly lack of empathy) in violent recidivism.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

The utility of the Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised (PCL‐R) facet and item scores in predicting violent recidivism

Sohn

Raine

Lee

2020

Aggressive Behavior

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“…Although the total PCL-R score is the basis for the assessment of the psychopathy syndrome, different patterns of scores across the four PCL-R facets may identify individuals with similar total scores but unique facet profiles. To explore varying profiles of psychopathic traits and to identity potential subtypes of individuals who exhibit distinct profiles, recent studies have applied latent profile analysis (LPA) to the four facets of PCL-R (Lehmann et al, 2014; Mokros et al, 2015; Neumann, Mokros, et al, 2016). The results suggest that consistent and meaningful facet profiles emerge from LPA of different samples (Neumann, Vitacco, et al, 2016).…”

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confidence: 99%

Using latent variable- and person-centered approaches to examine the role of psychopathic traits in sex offenders.

Krstic¹,

Neumann²,

Roy³

et al. 2018

Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment

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The current study employed both latent variable- and person-centered approaches to examine psychopathic traits in a large sample of sex offenders (N = 958). The offenders, who had committed a range of sexual crimes, had been assessed with the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003). Structural equation modeling results indicated that the four-factor model of psychopathy (Hare, 2003; Neumann, Hare, & Newman, 2007) provided good representation of the dimensional nature of psychopathic traits across the sample of offenders, and that the PCL-R factors significantly predicted sexual crimes. In particular, the Affective and Antisocial psychopathy factors each predicted sexually violent crimes. Latent profile analysis results revealed evidence for a 4-class solution, with the subtypes showing distinct PCL-R facet profiles, consistent with previous research. The four subtypes were validated using sexual crime profiles. The prototypic psychopathy subtype (high on all 4 PCL-R facets) evidenced more violent sexual offenses than did the other subtypes. Taken together, the results demonstrate how variable- and person-centered approaches in combination can add to our understanding of the psychopathy construct and its correlates. (PsycINFO Database Record

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“…It should be noted that PCL-R ratings were based on file review only, which can result in lower PCL-R scores compared to the standard assessment procedure (72). However, the results may indicate that these inmates rather represent a specific psychopathy subtype (73). For instance, research has reported some evidence for associations between the behavioral features of psychopathy (i.e., factor 2 of the PCL-R) and internalizing psychopathology (74).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

A Person-Centered Approach to Prison Behavior Based on Officers’ Observations: Relations to Risk, Prison Misconduct, and Recidivism

2020

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Incorporating measures of prison behavior into risk assessment and management procedures may assist in treatment planning, risk monitoring, and decision-making. A behavior rating scale was used to assess prison officers' observations on externalizing, internalizing, and adaptive behavior in a sample of 277 sexual and violent offenders in correctional treatment in Berlin, Germany. The present study employed latent profile analysis to identify inmate subtypes with similar behavioral patterns. Results indicated a solution with five latent profiles that showed similarities with previous inmate typologies. The subtypes were termed "Aggressive-Psychopathic," "Asocial," "Situational," "Inconspicuous, and "Inadequate-Dependent." Analyses attested to the construct and predictive validity of the subtypes and involved the examination of differences on criminological characteristics, risk assessment instruments, various types of prison misconduct, and postrelease recidivism. This person-centered study illustrates the importance of attending to broader patterns of inmate behavior. The structured assessment of behavioral observations by prison officers can be a valuable and easyto-implement approach to benefit from this largely neglected resource.

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A Latent Profile Analysis of Violent Offenders Based on PCL-R Factor Scores: Criminogenic Needs and Recidivism Risk

Cited by 16 publications

References 52 publications

The utility of the Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised (PCL‐R) facet and item scores in predicting violent recidivism

The utility of the Psychopathy Checklist‐Revised (PCL‐R) facet and item scores in predicting violent recidivism

Using latent variable- and person-centered approaches to examine the role of psychopathic traits in sex offenders.

A Person-Centered Approach to Prison Behavior Based on Officers’ Observations: Relations to Risk, Prison Misconduct, and Recidivism

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