“…In the last few years, hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite (HOIP) materials have been widely applied in memory, capacitors, sensors, etc., − due to their excellent physical properties, such as dielectricity, second-order nonlinear optical properties, photoluminescence, piezoelectricity, and ferroelectricity. − Compared with the conventional inorganic perovskites, the structural variability and high tunability of HOIPs make them more promising functional materials. ,− At present, 3D lead- and tin-based hybrid perovskites have been deeply studied in solar cells, but the toxicity of lead and tin ions limits the practical application of this kind of perovskite in a large scale. , Therefore, it is necessary to find new metal skeletons to replace the toxic lead–tin metal skeletons and assemble them into new 3D structures, making them have broader application prospects.…”