A Layered‐Nanospace‐Confinement Strategy for the Synthesis of Two‐Dimensional Porous Carbon Nanosheets for High‐Rate Performance Supercapacitors

Abstract

port at high-rate. [ 2 ] The ion transport is shown in the following equation L D τ = / 2 A general approach is developed for the synthesis of 2D porous carbon nanosheets (PCNS) from bio-sources derived carbon precursors (gelatin) by an integrated procedure of intercalation, pyrolysis, and activation. Montmorillonite with layered nanospace is used as a nanotemplate or nanoreactor to confi ne and modulate the transformation of gelatin, further leading to the formation of 2D nanosheet-shaped carbon materials. The as-made 2D PCNS exhibits a signifi cantly improved rate performance, with a high specifi c capacitance of 246 F g −1 and capacitance retention of 82% at 100 A g −1 , being nearly twice that of microsized activated carbon particulates directly from gelatin (131 F g −1 , 44%). The shortened ion transport distance in the nanoscaled dimension and modulated porous structure is responsible for such an enhanced superior rate capability. More importantly, the present strategy can be extended to other bio-sources to create 2D PCNS as electrode materials with high-rate performance. This will also provide a potential strategy for confi guring 2D nanostructured carbon electrode materials with a short ion transport distance for supercapacitors and other carbon-related energy storage and conversion devices.

Unusual interconnected graphitized carbon nanosheets as the electrode of high-rate ionic liquid-based supercapacitor

“…However, manufacturing these 2D carbonaceous materials is a complex process and requires high-cost feedstock. Currently, some 2D graphene-like carbon nanosheets have been prepared using eco-friendly and low-cost methods from waste biomass, such as silk [8], shrimp shells [11], hemp [4], gelatin [21], cornstalk [22] and coffee grounds [9]. These sustainable carbon nanosheets have thin thickness of less than 30 nm and high specific surface areas, which can potentially substitute the graphene for supercapacitor electrodes used.…”

Progress of Nanostructured Electrode Materials for Supercapacitors

“…Fan et al synthesized 2D porous carbon nanosheets (PCNS) materials through a layered nanospace confinement strategy using montmorillonite (MMT) as nanotemplate and gelatin as carbon source (Figure 12a). [102] The MMT acted as the template and nanoreactor to offer a layered nanospace, which confined the gelatin carbon source during the pyrolysis and etching process to produce the CNS and the PCNS. The TEM images of MMT, G@MMT (gelatin and MTT composite), G@MMT-p (G@MMT carbonization), and CNS are shown in Figure 12b-e. All of the samples retained the same microstructure after the gelatin composition and subsequent carbonization treatment, and the 2D CNS could be clearly seen by the assembled process.…”

“…Reproduced with permission. [102] Copyright 2015, Wiley-VCH. f) Idealized formula scheme depicting the chemical exfoliation of bulk MoS 2 and subsequent preparation of MoS 2 -templated conjugated microporous polymers (M-CMPs) and the corresponding MoS 2 /nitrogen-doped porous carbon hybrids.…”

“…[112][113][114] Ling et al reported a facile approach for large-scale production of B/N co-doped carbon nanosheets (B/N-CSs) with a thickness of 5-8 nm and a ultrahigh aspect ratio of over 6000-10 000. [115] As shown in Figure 14a, www.advsustainsys.com nitrogen content properties.…”

Macroscopic‐Scale Three‐Dimensional Carbon Nanofiber Architectures for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

“…[16][17][18][19] It is well accepted that the performance of energy storage devices mainly depended on their electrode materials. [20,21] Owing to the advantages of large surface area, light weight, good electrical conductivity, and high thermal/ chemical stability, carbon materials have been considered as the most important electrode materials of supercapacitors and rechargeable batteries [8,20,21] Hence, various nanostructured carbons, such as carbon/graphene quantum dots, [22,23] carbon nanofiber (CNFs), [16,24] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [13,25] graphene [26][27][28][29][30][31][32] carbon nanosheets, [33,34] 3D carbon nanostructures, [35][36][37] and porous carbon, [38,39] have gained great attention. Among these materials, 3D carbon nanomaterials have some advantages.…”