A learning theory approach to research in schizophrenia.

Mednick, Sarnoff A.

doi:10.1037/h0040425

Cited by 269 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Mednick (1958) elaborated on this concept and delineated the relationship between arousal level and associative disruption in schizophrenia. He anchored his thinking in the Hullian notion of generalized drive (D) which in Hull's system is the central motivational force (Hull, 1943).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associative interference and premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia.

Hirsch¹,

DeWolfe²

1977

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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The effects of associative interference on the verbal learning performance of male process and reactive schizophrenics and normals were studied using a mixed list with high and moderate interlist interference and new learning conditions. Schizophrenics made more errors than normals in the interference conditions but not in the new learning. Reactive schizophrenics made as many errors as the process group with high interference but significantly fewer under moderate interference. Process schizophrenics gave significantly more List 1 intrusions in List 2 learning than reactives or normals. Results support predictions from the qualitative differences theory of cognitive deficit more strongly than the theories of Broen, Chapman and Chapman, McGhie, Payne, and Silverrnan.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The present research was stimulated in part by Mednick's (1958) ••• even the chronic patient is in one sense a very anxious person. He has never had the opportunity to extinguish his prepsychotic fears.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Associative interference and premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia.

Hirsch¹,

DeWolfe²

1977

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

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“…For example, Key (1961) showed that (unlike amphetamines) LSD's ability to alter the significance of stimuli led to a greater generalisation of conditioned responses in cats. Similarly, Mednick (1958) found greater generalisation and sensitivity to remote emotional cues in schizophrenic patients, via a higher responsivity to stimuli remotely associated to those presented. This corresponds to the 'novelty' aspect of creativity (Sternberg & Lubart, 1999); creative individuals may make associations between items which to the general population would seem distantly related.…”

Section: Overinclusion In Creativity and Schizophrenia-related Functimentioning

confidence: 99%

A psychobiographical analysis of Brian Douglas Wilson: Creativity, drugs, and models of schizophrenic and affective disorders

Belli¹

2009

Personality and Individual Differences

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The suggestion of a relationship between creativity and mental disorder has existed for centuries, and has been advocated by many psychological researchers. The present analysis offers a consideration of the nature of mental disorder present in Brian Wilson, an individual recognised as one of the most creative figures in 20th century popular music. Using converging biographical evidence, and the diagnostic program Opcrit, Wilson's diagnosis is concluded to be schizoaffective. Employing details of his drug abuse, various models of schizoaffective spectra are examined, in particular a reconsideration of the LSD model of schizophrenia. The model is shown to be useful for positive schizophrenic symptoms including overinclusion, a potentially key element of creativity. In doing so, this psychobiographical analysis allows examination of potential relationships between mental disorder and creativity, the effects of various narcotics on creativity and various elements of mental disorder, the efficacy of various drug models of psychotic disorders, and the overlap between psychotic and affective disorders.

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“…В частности, подобные объяснительные модели подразумевают, что бред -это своеобразное спасение от переживаемой пациентом социальной изоляции [Arthur 1964], способ избежать тревоги [Mednick 1958], вины [Dollard, Miller 1950], унижения [Colby 1975], нега-тивных переживаний, вызванных какой-либо опасностью [Cameron 1955], переживаний отсутствия контроля над собой и другими [Melges, Freeman 1975]. К этой группе также относятся многочисленные психоаналитиче-ские модели [Freud 1956;Henderson, Gillespie 1936].…”

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The Cognitive Approach to Delusions: Opportunities and Perspectives

Loginov¹

2015

SHA

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Аннотация. Многочисленные исследования в рамках кли-нической психологии до сих пор не смогли стать основой для построения строгой и проверяемой модели, объясняющей этио-логию бредовой симптоматики. Предполагается, что эвристиче-ски ценными для дальнейшего изучения подобных расстройств мышления могут стать результаты исследований нормального функционирования мышления в рамках когнитивной психоло-гии. Данная статья посвящена обзору существующих когнитив-ных моделей бреда, опирающихся на современные представ-ления о функционировании мышления в норме. открывшие-ся возможности когнитивного подхода к изучению бредовой симптоматики позволяют сделать выводы о принципиальной гетерогенности патогенных механизмов бреда при органиче-ских и функциональных психозах, а также о том, что фабула бреда отражает паттерн когнитивных нарушений.Ключевые слова: когнитивная нейропсихиатрия, бредовая симптоматика, этиология бреда, психоз, шизофрения.

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A learning theory approach to research in schizophrenia.

Cited by 269 publications

References 51 publications

Associative interference and premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia.

Associative interference and premorbid adjustment in schizophrenia.

A psychobiographical analysis of Brian Douglas Wilson: Creativity, drugs, and models of schizophrenic and affective disorders

The Cognitive Approach to Delusions: Opportunities and Perspectives

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