A Li–Liquid Cathode Battery Based on a Hybrid Electrolyte

Wang, Yarong; Wang, Yonggang; Zhou, Haoshen

doi:10.1002/cssc.201100201

Cited by 82 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(25 reference statements)

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“…Inspired by this concept, several groups have proposed to replace the ferricyanide redox couple with aqueous FeCl 3 /FeCl 2 (ref. 18) or I -/I 3 -(ref. 19) or aqueous polysulphide 20 to increase the concentration of the catholyte while keeping the solid lithium-metal anode for large cell voltage.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sulphur-impregnated flow cathode to enable high-energy-density lithium flow batteries

et al. 2015

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Redox flow batteries are promising technologies for large-scale electricity storage, but have been suffering from low energy density and low volumetric capacity. Here we report a flow cathode that exploits highly concentrated sulphur-impregnated carbon composite, to achieve a catholyte volumetric capacity 294 Ah l À 1 with long cycle life (4100 cycles), high columbic efficiency (490%, 100 cycles) and high energy efficiency (480%, 100 cycles). The demonstrated catholyte volumetric capacity is five times higher than the all-vanadium flow batteries (60 Ah l À 1 ) and 3-6 times higher than the demonstrated lithium-polysulphide approaches (50-117 Ah l À 1 ). Pseudo-in situ impedance and microscopy characterizations reveal superior electrochemical and morphological reversibility of the sulphur redox reactions. Our approach of exploiting sulphur-impregnated carbon composite in the flow cathode creates effective interfaces between the insulating sulphur and conductive carbon-percolating network and offers a promising direction to develop high-energy-density flow batteries.

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confidence: 99%

Sulphur-impregnated flow cathode to enable high-energy-density lithium flow batteries

et al. 2015

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“…For example, while an advanced Li-ion battery, which has a high volumetric energy density, would be a right choice for the energy storage in densely populated areas considering its high volumetric energy density, other bulky but cheaper systems could become more competitive in remote areas where the size of systems can be easily expanded. Therefore, it is important to build a strong portfolio of novel battery systems to provide optimum solutions.The development of novel configurations of battery cells, such as Li-Air, [1] Li-liquid, [2] Na-air, [3] and Li-polysulfide batteries, [4] has been made possible by combinations of multi-phase electrolyte/electrode components such as liquid/solid electrolytes and liquid/solid/liquid (or gas) electrodes. Based on these battery designs, various interesting combinations of electrochemical reaction couples are being suggested and tested that were not previously considered due to the limitations of conventional battery cell design.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The development of novel configurations of battery cells, such as Li-Air, [1] Li-liquid, [2] Na-air, [3] and Li-polysulfide batteries, [4] has been made possible by combinations of multi-phase electrolyte/electrode components such as liquid/solid electrolytes and liquid/solid/liquid (or gas) electrodes. Based on these battery designs, various interesting combinations of electrochemical reaction couples are being suggested and tested that were not previously considered due to the limitations of conventional battery cell design.…”

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confidence: 99%

Rechargeable Seawater Battery and Its Electrochemical Mechanism

et al. 2014

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Herein, we explore the electrochemical mechanism of a novel rechargeable seawater battery system that uses seawater as the cathode material. Sodium is harvested from seawater while charging the battery, and the harvested sodium is discharged with oxygen dissolved in the seawater, functioning as oxidants to produce electricity. The seawater provides both anode (Na metal) and cathode (O 2 ) materials for the proposed battery. Based on the discharge voltage (~2.9 V) with participation of O 2 and the charge voltage (~4.1 V) with Cl 2 evolution during the first cycle, a voltage efficiency of about 73 % is obtained. If the seawater battery is constructed using hard carbon as the anode and a Na super ion conductor as the solid electrolyte, a strong cycle performance of 84 % is observed after 40 cycles.The requirements for energy-storage systems are vastly different from those for consumer electronics or electric vehicles (EVs) and vary widely depending on factors such as installation size and location. This makes it difficult for one type of battery systems to become a predominant solution satisfying all the requirements. Instead, a reasonable and practical strategy is to respond to diverse requirements of each application with various alternative battery systems considering the characteristics of each option. For example, while an advanced Li-ion battery, which has a high volumetric energy density, would be a right choice for the energy storage in densely populated areas considering its high volumetric energy density, other bulky but cheaper systems could become more competitive in remote areas where the size of systems can be easily expanded. Therefore, it is important to build a strong portfolio of novel battery systems to provide optimum solutions.The development of novel configurations of battery cells, such as Li-Air, [1] Li-liquid, [2] Na-air, [3] and Li-polysulfide batteries, [4] has been made possible by combinations of multi-phase electrolyte/electrode components such as liquid/solid electrolytes and liquid/solid/liquid (or gas) electrodes. Based on these battery designs, various interesting combinations of electrochemical reaction couples are being suggested and tested that were not previously considered due to the limitations of conventional battery cell design. Recently, we investigated the feasibility of a novel rechargeable battery system using seawater as an electrode material. [5] As the most abundant resource on Earth, seawater contains various chemical species released from the Earth's crust and living organisms. Examples of the major chemical constituents of seawater are sodium (Na) (~0.46 m) and chlorides (~0.54 m).[6] Detailed information on the chemical constituents of seawater is shown in Figure 1 a. Accordingly, we constructed a novel rechargeable battery cell that uses seawater and its chemical constituents as anode/cathode materials. The configuration of the seawater battery, composed of Na/non-aqueous liquid/solid electrolyte/seawater, is shown in Figure 1 b and Figure 1 c. 1 m NaClO 4 in et...

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“…(7) Aqueous-nonaqueous hybrid designs, which have an aqueous suspension as the catholyte and a nonaqueous suspension as the anolyte, are promising because they combine the aqueous suspension high ionic conductivity and low cost with the nonaqueous suspension low operating potential which enables high cell voltages. 74,75,359,360 The key challenge in such a system is designing a membrane compatible with both electrolytes with long lifetime, reliable separation, high and selective ionic conductivity, and low cost. (8) Battery temperature control is an important component of battery research, particularly for large scale applications to prevent potential safety hazards and ensure long battery lifetimes.…”

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confidence: 99%

Review Article: Flow battery systems with solid electroactive materials

Koenig

2017

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

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Energy storage is increasingly important for a diversity of applications. Batteries can be used to store solar or wind energy providing power when the Sun is not shining or wind speed is insufficient to meet power demands. For large scale energy storage, solutions that are both economically and environmentally friendly are limited. Flow batteries are a type of battery technology which is not as well-known as the types of batteries used for consumer electronics, but they provide potential opportunities for large scale energy storage. These batteries have electrochemical recharging capabilities without emissions as is the case for other rechargeable battery technologies; however, with flow batteries, the power and energy are decoupled which is more similar to the operation of fuel cells. This decoupling provides the flexibility of independently designing the power output unit and energy storage unit, which can provide cost and time advantages and simplify future upgrades to the battery systems. One major challenge of the existing commercial flow battery technologies is their limited energy density due to the solubility limits of the electroactive species. Improvements to the energy density of flow batteries would reduce their installed footprint, transportation costs, and installation costs and may open up new applications. This review will discuss the background, current progress, and future directions of one unique class of flow batteries that attempt to improve on the energy density of flow batteries by switching to solid electroactive materials, rather than dissolved redox compounds, to provide the electrochemical energy storage.

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A Li–Liquid Cathode Battery Based on a Hybrid Electrolyte

Cited by 82 publications

References 18 publications

Sulphur-impregnated flow cathode to enable high-energy-density lithium flow batteries

Sulphur-impregnated flow cathode to enable high-energy-density lithium flow batteries

Rechargeable Seawater Battery and Its Electrochemical Mechanism

Review Article: Flow battery systems with solid electroactive materials

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