A light-induced conformational change in rod photoreceptor disc membrane

Asai, Hiroshi; Chiba, Takamitsu; Kimura, Shunta; Takagi, Masayuki

doi:10.1016/0014-4835(75)90097-4

Cited by 20 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Predominant OS length shrink was observed when the rod was fully covered by the stimulus pattern, while predominant OS tip shift was detected when the rod was partially covered by the stimulus pattern. A similar model has been proposed by Asai et al 32 Previous studies have reported swollen disc membranes and shrinkage with respect to the osmotic pressure of the bathing medium, 33 rod OS volume changes due to the illumination, [34][35][36][37] Fig . 6 Averaged stimulus-evoked OS changes from nine rod photoreceptors at the left edge, center, and right edge of the stimulus pattern.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…21 (6) permeability changes in the photoreceptor disc membranes due to the illumination, 38 bleaching that causes the rhodopsin to sink into the lipid core, 39 conformational changes, such as turbidity, viscosity, and light scattering intensity of the disc membrane upon its bleaching, 32 intradistal space expansion and contraction with respect to the osmotic pressure of impermanent substances, 40 and birefringence of the rod OS changes after bleaching. 41 It has been reported that the illumination generates changes in the outer enveloping plasma membrane, which lead to a reduction in the dark current.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stimulus-evoked outer segment changes in rod photoreceptors

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Rod-dominated transient retinal phototropism (TRP) has been recently observed in freshly isolated mouse and frog retinas. Comparative confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography revealed that the TRP was predominantly elicited from the rod outer segment (OS). However, the biophysical mechanism of rod OS dynamics is still unknown. Mouse and frog retinal slices, which displayed a cross-section of retinal photoreceptors and other functional layers, were used to test the effect of light stimulation on rod OSs. Time-lapse microscopy revealed stimulus-evoked conformational changes of rod OSs. In the center of the stimulated region, the length of the rod OS shrunk, while in the peripheral region, the rod OS swung toward the center region. Our experimental observation and theoretical analysis suggest that the TRP may reflect unbalanced rod disc-shape changes due to localized visible light stimulation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus-evoked outer segment changes in rod photoreceptors

et al. 2016

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“…The preservation of stimulus-evoked ROS movement in low-sodium medium argues against the possibility that an osmotic change tied to a light-induced change in closure of cGMP-gated ion channels underlies the ROS response. However, remaining open possibilities include stimulus-evoked rhodopsin-, transducin-, and/or PDE-dependent permeability changes [25][26][27], compression of disc membranes [28], and the distribution of the phospholipids in the disc membranes [29]. As TRP clearly depends on a structural perturbation of the OS, these possibilities offer possible avenues for investigating the basis of TRP at a subcellular level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus-evoked outer segment changes occur before the hyperpolarization of retinal photoreceptors

Wang

Pepperberg

et al. 2016

Biomed. Opt. Express

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Transient retinal phototropism (TRP) has been predominantly observed in rod photoreceptors activated by oblique visible light stimulation. Dynamic confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT) have revealed rod outer segment (ROS) movement as the physical source of TRP. However, the physiological source of ROS movement is still not well understood. In this study, concurrent near-infrared imaging of TRP and electroretinogram (ERG) measurement of retinal electrophysiology revealed that ROS movement occurs before the onset of the ERG a-wave, which is known to reflect the hyperpolarization of retinal photoreceptors. Moreover, substitution of normal superfusing medium with low-sodium medium reversibly blocked the photoreceptor ERG a-wave, but largely preserved the stimulus-evoked ROS movements. Our experimental results and theoretical analysis indicate that early, disc-based stages of the phototransduction cascade, which occur before the hyperpolarization of retinal photoreceptors, contribute to the TRP associated ROS movement. 259-267 (1975). 29. E. Hessel, A. Herrmann, P. Müller, P. P. Schnetkamp, and K. P. Hofmann, "The transbilayer distribution of phospholipids in disc membranes is a dynamic equilibrium evidence for rapid flip and flop movement," Eur. J.

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“…The rods are homogenously exposed when they are fully inside the stimulation region that leads to balanced bleaching, causing equal conformational changes of the disc membranes that result in rod OS shrinkage. A similar model has been proposed by Asai et al 15 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Studies have reported swollen disc membranes and shrinkage with respect to the osmotic pressure of the bathing medium 16 , rod OS volume changes due to the illumination 17 , permeability changes in the photoreceptor disc membranes due to the illumination 18 , bleaching that causes the rhodopsin to sink into the lipid core 19 , conformational changes, such as turbidity, viscosity and light scattering intensity of the disc membrane upon its bleaching 15 , intradistal space expansion and contraction with respect to the osmotic pressure of impermanent substances 14 and birefringence of the rod OS changes after bleaching. 20 It has been reported that the illumination generates changes in the outer enveloping plasma membrane that lead to reduction in the dark current.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biophysical mechanism of transient retinal phototropism in rod photoreceptors

et al. 2016

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Oblique light stimulation evoked transient retinal phototropism (TRP) has been recently detected in frog and mouse retinas. High resolution microscopy of freshly isolated retinas indicated that the TRP is predominated by rod photoreceptors. Comparative confocal microscopy and optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed that the TRP predominantly occurred from the photoreceptor outer segment (OS). However, biophysical mechanism of rod OS change is still unknown. In this study, frog retinal slices, which open a cross section of retinal photoreceptor and other functional layers, were used to test the effect of light stimulation on rod OS. Near infrared light microscopy was employed to monitor photoreceptor changes in retinal slices stimulated by a rectangular-shaped visible light flash. Rapid rod OS length change was observed after the stimulation delivery. The magnitude and direction of the rod OS change varied with the position of the rods within the stimulated area. In the center of stimulated region the length of the rod OS shrunk, while in the peripheral region the rod OS tip swung towards center region in the plane perpendicular to the incident stimulus light. Our experimental result and theoretical analysis suggest that the observed TRP may reflect unbalanced disc-shape change due to localized pigment bleaching. Further investigation is required to understand biochemical mechanism of the observed rod OS kinetics. Better study of the TRP may provide a noninvasive biomarker to enable early detection of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and other diseases that are known to produce retinal photoreceptor dysfunctions.

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A light-induced conformational change in rod photoreceptor disc membrane

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Stimulus-evoked outer segment changes in rod photoreceptors

Stimulus-evoked outer segment changes in rod photoreceptors

Stimulus-evoked outer segment changes occur before the hyperpolarization of retinal photoreceptors

Biophysical mechanism of transient retinal phototropism in rod photoreceptors

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