A Light Solution for Device Diversity Problem in a Wireless Local Area Network Fingerprint Indoor Positioning System

Abstract

The development of location-based services requires an increasingly accurate positioning system technology. Research on outdoor positioning systems has achieved satisfactory accuracy and has been commonly used in various location-based services. The research trend is now shifting toward the Indoor Positioning System (IPS). One technique that is widely used in Wi-Fi-based IPS is fingerprinting. The fingerprinting technique on Wi-Fi uses the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) value. The problem that occurs is that the results of RSSI measurements on smartphones of different brands will produce different RSSI values, also known as device diversity. Device diversity will cause a decrease in system accuracy. This study aims to offer a solution to the problem of device diversity in Wi-Fi IPS based on RSSI Fingerprinting, i.e., to get a minor distance error. The proposed solution is to modify the original database radio map into two new databases: the difference database and the ratio database. The Difference Database Radiomap was able to reduce the average value of distance errors by 24.3% in Meizu and 28% in OPPO. Then, using the Radiomap database ratio, the average value of distance errors could be reduced by 13% in Meizu and 24% in OPPO. From the calculation, Radiomap database ratio can provide solutions to the problem of device diversity for an Indoor Positioning System better than the difference database radiomap if we looked at reduced distance error.

Design of a Circular Patch Antenna with Parasitic Elements for 5G Applications

“…One of the 5G plans is to employ the sub-6 GHz band -n34(2010-2025 MHz), n38 (2570-2620 MHz), n40 (2300-2400 MHz), n41 (2496-2690 MHz), n46 (5150-5925 MHz), n77 (3300-4200 MHz), n79 (4400-5000 MHz), etc.which, also covered mid-band of 5G (2 to 6 GHz), leading high data rates, huge capacity as well as good coverage from the essential number of available spectrums [3,4]. Modern wireless communications stretch out to new standard applications, algorithms, propagation techniques [5,6], vigorous hardware defiance as well as the relevant antenna design [7][8][9][10] fulfilling human needs. As the performance of the antenna results considerable influence on the accomplishment of the plenary communication systems.…”