A lignocellulosic ethanol strategy via nonenzymatic sugar production: Process synthesis and analysis

Multi‐scale systems engineering for energy and the environment: Challenges and opportunities

“…[73][74][75][76][77] Process synthesis and optimization algorithms have been applied to improve the prominent process, with one example being the use of mixed-integer nonlinear modeling to optimize a system that converts corn-both the grain and lignocellulosic portions-to both ethanol and food. 78 By integrating the energy and water usage of the facilities to maximize efficiencies, considerable improvements can be made to the process.…”

Process synthesis and analysis for catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to fuels: Separate conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose using 2-sec-butylphenol (SBP) solvent

“…Several studies have developed processes including a pretreatment step for the separate conversion of cellulose and hemicellulose to biofuels [2,34,43], and have focused on the technoeconomic analysis of thermochemical [23,24,44] and biochemical [34,[45][46][47] strategies. However, they are not many studies of technoeconomic analysis of large-scale production of biofuels from separate catalytic conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose.…”

The DOE Bioenergy Research Centers: History, Operations, and Scientific Output

“…The second route uses gamma valerolactone (GVL) to dissolve biomass and low concentrations of mineral acids to release sugars and to promote the dehydration of glucose and xylose to levulinic acid (LA) and furfural, respectively [89][90][91]. These two important platform chemicals can be upgraded to value-added compounds or biofuels [92,93]. Furthermore, LA can be catalytically converted to GVL, which can be recovered by phase separation using liquid CO 2 or salt.…”