A linear programming assessment of the profit from strategies to reduce the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Zepeda, Lydia; Buelow, Kenneth L.; Nordlund, Ken; Thomas, Chester B.; Collins, Michael T.; Goodger, W. J.

doi:10.1016/s0167-5877(97)00054-8

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Modelling-simulation steps are then applied to these data to calculate the production effects and/or the economic consequences [1,25,26,44]. Sometimes variation in the occurrence of mastitis, technical production effects and economic effects are all simulated [13,68]. Complete validation of the simulation tools can sometimes become problematic, due to the absence of the needed data to conduct a goodness-of-fit procedure.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This technique allows consideration of transient situations and costs [12,13,58]. Linear programming and dynamic programming techniques have been implemented several times in economic models applied to farm management and sometimes to mastitis control: recently, by Houben et al [35] and Zepeda et al [68]. There are limits to these deterministic approaches.…”

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Profits of a control programme to reduce the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus infections are most dependent on the initial prevalence of mastitis and initial BTSCC penalty or premium, than on milk yield or the cost of drying-off treatments, under the US context [68].…”

Section: Assessment Of Worthiness Of Control Actionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds

2003

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-Mastitis is the most prevalent production disease in dairy herds world-wide and is responsible for several production effects. Milk yield and composition can be affected by a more or less severe short-term depression and, in case of no cure, by a long-acting effect, and, sometimes, an overlapping effect to the next lactation. Summary values in the literature for losses of milk production were proposed at 375 kg for a clinical case (5% at the lactation level) and at 0.5 kg per 2-fold increase of crude SCC of a cow. Due to the withdrawal period after treatment, composition changes in milk can almost be neglected in economic calculations. Lethality rate for clinical mastitis is very low on the average, while anticipated culling occurs more frequently after clinical and subclinical mastitis (relative risk between 1.5 and 5.0). The economics of mastitis needs to be addressed at the farm level and, per se, depends on local and regional epidemiological, managerial and economic conditions. To assess the direct economic impact of mastitis, costs (i.e. extra resource use) and losses (i.e. reduced revenues) have to be aggregated. To support decision making for udder health control, it is necessary to use a marginal approach, based on the comparison of the losses avoided and the additional costs of modified plans, compared to the existing ones.

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Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodological Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds

2003

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“…Staphylococcus aureus remains one of the most important causes of clinical mastitis, and the most frequently isolated pathogen in subclinical mastitis cases worldwide and was found to be the most contagious pathogen present on 43% of dairy operations in 17 of the top producing states in the US [3,4]. Contagious mastitis pathogens cause large economic losses to the dairy industry [5], mainly because of reduced milk production, increased involuntary culling rate, and discarded milk [6,7]. Treatments and immunizations against S. aureus mastitis have been studied for years [8]; however, despite the best possible antimicrobial treatments, bacteriological cure failures are common in S. aureus mastitis, and antimicrobial resistance is considered as one of the reasons for low cure rates [3,9,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Prostaglandin F2ÃÂ± on Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus Associated with Bovine Mastitis

Autran¹

2013

J Veterinar Sci Technol

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Staphylococcus aureus is a major infectious organism causing mastitis. Certain fatty acids have been shown to inhibit the growth of pathogens including Staphylococcus aureus. An in vitro experiment was conducted to determine the effects of prostaglandin F 2α (PGF 2α ) on growth of S. aureus. Flasks containing tryptic soy broth (TSB) were inoculated with S. aureus Novel, and subsequently treated with PGF 2α (dinoprost tromethamine) at concentrations of 0, 0.3, 0.6, 1.2, and 2.4 mg/ml. Cultures were incubated at 37°C for 24 h and sampled every 3 h. The entire experiment was conducted three times in duplicates. Bacterial growth was assessed by counting colony forming units (CFU) in triplicates. Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance and reduced and full dummy variable regression models to determine the effect of PGF 2α concentrations on growth patterns of S. aureus over time. There was an effect of treatment and treatment by time interaction (P<0.05) on mean log CFU, indicating that bacterial growth over 24 h was different across treatments. At time of inoculation (0 h), mean log CFU values were not different among treatments; however at 24 h, mean log CFU for each PGF 2α treatment was different from control and decreased (P<0.05) with increasing concentrations of PGF 2α . The predicted growth curve for each treatment was different (P<0.05) when compared with the control, and the rate of bacterial growth was less for 1.2 mg/ml PGF 2α when compared with the control and 0.6 mg/ml. The bacterial growth was completely inhibited during the 24 h period in 2.4 mg/ml PGF 2α treatment. Furthermore, a non-linear regression model was employed to estimate the dose response at the 24 h, and revealed that 1.2 mg/ml was the minimum inhibitory dose. These results provide evidence, for the first time, that PGF 2α , in the form of dinoprost tromethamine, has bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on S. aureus in vitro.

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“…S. aureus causes nearly any type of human infection including toxic shock syndrome (TSS), osteomyelitis, and mastitis (1,2). S. aureus also causes mastitis in dairy cattle, which is the most economically important disease to the dairy industry in the United States (3). Mastitis is also a common disease during human lactation, affecting 20% to 33% of women in developed and developing countries (4,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acids and monoacylglycerols inhibit growth ofStaphylococcus aureus

Kelsey

Bayles

Shafii

et al. 2006

Lipids

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Staphylococcus aureus causes a variety of human infections including toxic shock syndrome, osteomyelitis, and mastitis. Mastitis is a common disease in the dairy cow, and S. aureus has been found to be a major infectious organism causing mastitis. The objectives of this research were to determine which FA and esterified forms of FA were inhibitory to growth of S. aureus bacteria. FA as well as their mono-, di-, and triacylglycerol forms were tested for their ability to inhibit a human toxic shock syndrome clinical isolate (MN8) and two S. aureus clinical bovine mastitis isolates (305 and Novel). The seven most potent inhibitors across all strains tested by minimum inhibitory concentration analysis included lauric acid, glycerol monolaurate, capric acid, myristic acid, linoleic acid, cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid, and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid. Some of these lipids were chosen for 48-h growth curve analysis with a bovine mastitis S. aureus isolate (Novel) at doses of 0, 20, 50, and 100 microg/mL except myristic acid, which was tested at 0, 50, 100, and 200 microg/mL. The saturated FA (lauric, capric, myristic) and glycerol monolaurate behaved similarly and reduced overall growth. In contrast, the polyunsaturated FA (linoleic and cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid) delayed the time to initiation of exponential growth in a dose-dependent fashion. The results suggest that lipids may be important in the control of S. aureus during an infection.

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A linear programming assessment of the profit from strategies to reduce the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds

Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds

Effect of Prostaglandin F2ÃÂ± on Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus Associated with Bovine Mastitis

Fatty acids and monoacylglycerols inhibit growth ofStaphylococcus aureus

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A linear programming assessment of the profit from strategies to reduce the prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus mastitis

Cited by 21 publications

References 7 publications

Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds

Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds

Effect of Prostaglandin F2ÃÂ± on Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus Associated with Bovine Mastitis

Fatty acids and monoacylglycerols inhibit growth ofStaphylococcus aureus

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Product

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Effect of Prostaglandin F2ÃÂ± on Growth of Staphylococcus Aureus Associated with Bovine Mastitis