A link between sound producing musculature and mating success in Atlantic cod

Rowe, Sherrylynn; Hutchings, Jeffrey A.

doi:10.1111/j.1095-8649.2007.01713.x

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In other gadids, spawning activity and acoustic signalling seem to be tightly linked and primarily functions to attract females to spawning aggregations and provide a basis for mate selection (Burchard, Juanes, & Rountree, ; Hawkins & Rasmussen, ; Nordeide & Folstad, ; Nordeide & Kjellsby, ; Rowe & Hutchings, ; Rowe, Hutchings, Skjæraasen, & Bezanson, ). However, the specific function of acoustic signalling in burbot reproductive behaviour is not clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for love under the ice: Using passive acoustics to detect burbot (Lota lota: Gadidae) spawning activity

2019

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Burbot (Lota lota: Gadidae) is a difficult species to manage effectively due to its preference for deep‐water habitats and under‐ice spawning behaviour, resulting in a poor understanding of its reproductive activity. However, the use of acoustic signalling by burbot as part of their mating system has recently been described and this behaviour may provide a means of investigating questions regarding the spatial and temporal distribution of spawning aggregations using passive acoustic monitoring. We used audio and video recording to confirm that burbot vocalise and that these vocalisations can be detected under field conditions as well as to characterise the relationship between burbot acoustic signalling and spawning behaviour. We also evaluated the feasibility of locating and monitoring burbot spawning aggregations in real time using passive acoustics. Burbot vocalisations were difficult to identify with only about 6% of the recordings containing calls being successfully identified as such in the field. Burbot vocalised more often between sundown and sunrise than during daylight hours. Calls recorded at night tended to be lower frequency, longer duration, and have lower bandwidth than those made during the day. Burbot vocalisations could not be recorded in conjunction with video recordings of spawning activity, indicating that burbot may not call during active spawning, but may use acoustic communication to signal the onset of reproductive readiness and to form pre‐spawning aggregations. While burbot calls were readily identifiable, observers had a difficult time identifying burbot calls in real time under field conditions. Passive acoustic monitoring demonstrates considerable potential as a management tool to locate burbot spawning grounds and identify periods of activity, but may not be an appropriate technique for monitoring spawning activity in real time.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking for love under the ice: Using passive acoustics to detect burbot (Lota lota: Gadidae) spawning activity

2019

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“…Both male and female cod produce grunts during the year; however, during the spawning season, only male cod grunt, both as part of an aggressive display to keep other males out of their territory and to attract females (Finstad & Nordeide 2004, Rowe & Hutchings 2006. Grunts are produced by the vibration of 3 pairs of muscles along the swimbladder wall (Brawn 1961b, Rowe & Hutchings 2008. The calls consist of short grunts (about 200 ms) with peak amplitudes at frequencies ranging between approximately 50 and 500 Hz (Brawn 1961b, Midling et al 2002, Finstad & Nordeide 2004.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A decade of monitoring Atlantic cod Gadus morhua spawning aggregations in Massachusetts Bay using passive acoustics

Caiger

Dean²,

DeAngelis

et al. 2020

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Atlantic cod Gadus morhua populations in the northeast USA have failed to recover since major declines in the 1970s and 1990s. To rebuild these stocks, managers need reliable information on spawning dynamics in order to design and implement control measures; discovering cost-effective and non-invasive monitoring techniques is also favorable. Atlantic cod form dense, site-fidelic spawning aggregations during which they vocalize, permitting acoustic detection of their presence at such times. The objective of this study was to detect spawning activity of Atlantic cod using multiple fixed-station passive acoustic recorders to sample across Massachusetts Bay during the winter spawning period. A generalized linear modeling approach was used to investigate spatio-temporal trends of cod vocalizing over 10 consecutive winter spawning seasons (2007-2016), the longest such timeline of any passive acoustic monitoring of a fish species. The vocal activity of Atlantic cod was associated with diel, lunar, and seasonal cycles, with a higher probability of occurrence at night, during the full moon, and near the end of November. Following 2009 and 2010, there was a general decline in acoustic activity. Furthermore, the northwest corner of Stellwagen Bank was identified as an important spawning location. This project demonstrated the utility of passive acoustic monitoring in determining the presence of an acoustically active fish species, and provides valuable data for informing the management of this commercially, culturally, and ecologically important species.

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“…This study has shown that G. morhua and P. pollachius produce more complex acoustic signals than has been reported, with modulations of both the characteristics of sounds and the rate of sound production that suggest a richer role of sound in mating and sexual reproduction in these fishes than has been previously appreciated. Sound production in G. morhua may be related to competition among males for access to females (Rowe & Hutchings, ) and directly linked to mating success (Rowe & Hutchings, ). It is common for male animals involved in competitive courtship to alter their behaviour in response to the actions of other males as such changes in behaviour can affect a male's ability to obtain mates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grunts, clicks, knocks, humming and rumbling sounds make up the acoustic repertoire of G. morhua (Brawn, 1961 a ; Midling et al , ; Vester et al , ; Rowe & Hutchings, , ; J. Nilsson, unpubl. data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Capacity for sound production exists in around half of gadoid species (Hawkins & Rasmussen, ; Skjæraasen et al , ) and has been documented in a variety of contexts including aggressive or defensive interactions, competitive feeding, disturbance by predators and reproductive activity (Brawn, 1961 a, b ; Vester et al , ). Detailed studies of courtship behaviour in G. morhua and M. aeglefinus consider that auditory stimuli are important in their mating strategies (Brawn, 1961 c ; Hawkins & Chapman, ; Hawkins et al , ; Hawkins & Rasmussen, ; Engen & Folstad, ; Hutchings et al , ; Nordeide & Kjellsby, ; Hawkins & Amorim, ; Rowe & Hutchings, , ; Skjæraasen et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temporal variation and characterization of grunt sounds produced by Atlantic codGadus morhuaand pollackPollachius pollachiusduring the spawning season

Wilson

Burrows

Hastie

et al. 2014

Journal of Fish Biology

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Fine-scale temporal patterning in grunt production and variation in grunt attributes in Atlantic cod Gadus morhua and pollack Pollachius pollachius was examined. Pollachius pollachius produced only a single sound type, the grunt, similar to that previously described for G. morhua. Sound production and egg production were correlated in P. pollachius but not in G. morhua. Only G. morhua displayed a strongly cyclical pattern, producing more grunts at night. Finer-scale temporal patterning in grunt production was observed in both species which produced significantly fewer grunts following a period of high grunt production. These quieter periods lasted up to 45 min for P. pollachius and up to 1 h in G. morhua. Grunts were not always produced in isolation but organized into bouts in both species. Longer bouts were more frequent during periods of increased sound activity and were linked with changes in grunt characteristics including increased grunt duration, pulse duration and repetition period of each pulse combined with decreased dominant frequency. This study provides the first evidence of acoustic signalling being used by spawning P. pollachius and presents the most detailed analysis of the complexity of gadoid sound production.

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A link between sound producing musculature and mating success in Atlantic cod

Cited by 29 publications

References 46 publications

Looking for love under the ice: Using passive acoustics to detect burbot (Lota lota: Gadidae) spawning activity

Looking for love under the ice: Using passive acoustics to detect burbot (Lota lota: Gadidae) spawning activity

A decade of monitoring Atlantic cod Gadus morhua spawning aggregations in Massachusetts Bay using passive acoustics

Temporal variation and characterization of grunt sounds produced by Atlantic codGadus morhuaand pollackPollachius pollachiusduring the spawning season

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