A Liquid-Phase reaction strategy to construct aqueous Sodium-Ion batteries anode with enhanced redox reversibility and cycling stability

Nanocomposite of Nb-based binary phase for lowering the activation energy of Li+ intercalation as an anode for high-performance aqueous dual-ion batteries

“…Active carbon (AC), Mo 6 S 8 , TiS 2 , LiTi 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (LTP), and Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 (LTO) have been applied to aqueous dual-ion batteries; however, water electrolysis occurs during charging at high potential, resulting in a poor cyclic stability of aqueous dual-ion batteries. 9,14–17 We previously reported a KS6 graphite/Mo 6 S 8 dual-ion battery using a hybrid G4-water electrolyte with a high concentration of supporting salts; however, hydrogen was detected after 1000 cycles of galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements, along with poor energy efficiency, which suggested a suppression of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) on the anode would be strongly required to develop effective aqueous dual-ion batteries. 14,18 Novel anode materials especially developed for aqueous dual-ion batteries are strongly required as good anticatalysts for water electrolysis.…”

“…31 Compared to Nb 2 O 5 , the Li + -intercalation potential was further increased to around 1.7 V on the MoNb 12 O 33 anode, which was close to limit of the lower potential of electrochemical window of a concentrated hybrid tetraglyme (G4)–water electrolyte reported previously. 17 In addition, incorporating crystal defects by crystallographic engineering can effectively improve the electrical conductivity, and decrease the activation energy for charge carrier diffusion and structure stability. 32 Zhang et al reported the doping of various metals on the surface of LiNi 0.5− x Mn 1.5+ x O 4 , which led to forming a new interface with a lower energy barrier for the charge-transfer process, and successfully promoted the Li + -intercalation properties.…”