A literature review of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infection in neonates and children

Nardo, Matteo Di; Leeuwen, Grace van; Loreti, Alessandra; Barbieri, Maria Antonietta; Guner, Yit; Locatelli, Franco; Ranieri, V. Marco

doi:10.1038/s41390-020-1065-5

Cited by 60 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 96 publications

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“…However, nothing similar to was observed in our patient is described [1][2][3]. Neurological manifestations have been observed in adults with COVID-19 that could play a role in the respiratory failure of these patients [6].…”

Section: A C C E P T E Dsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…Few data are available for SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates and the clinical pictures described in literature are mainly respiratory or gastrointestinal disease associated with fever [1][2][3], with rare neurological manifestations, including lethargy reported also in neonates.…”

Section: A C C E P T E Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pathogen can be a cause of sepsis and meningitis in newborns [4], but in our patient clinical and imaging features were completely normal and the pathogen was not detected both in blood and CSF. Bacterial and SARS-CoV-2 coinfections have been described in pediatrics, without any worsening of the clinical picture [1][2][3]. Therefore, since no other reliable cause of the clinical picture was observed, a strong…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe neurologic involvement in a late-preterm neonate

et al. 2020

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Section: A C C E P T E Dsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: A C C E P T E Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe neurologic involvement in a late-preterm neonate

et al. 2020

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“…This virus originated in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in late 2019 and quickly spread throughout Europe, the United States of America, and other Latin American countries. 1 In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Manifestations of Children and Adolescents With Covid-19: Report of the First 115 Cases From Sabará Hospital Infantil

Rabha¹,

Oliveira²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2021

Rev. paul. pediatr.

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Objective: To describe the clinical manifestations and severity of children and adolescents affected by COVID-19 treated at Sabará Hospital Infantil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional, retrospective, and observational study. All cases of COVID-19 confirmed by RT-qPCR of patients seen at the hospital (emergency room, first-aid room, and ICU) were analyzed. The severity of the cases was classified according to the Chinese Consensus. Results: Among the 115 children included, a predominance of boys (57%) was verified, and the median age was two years. A total of 22 children were hospitalized, 12 in the ICU. Of the total, 26% had comorbidities with a predominance of asthma (13%). Fever, cough, and nasal discharge were the most frequent symptoms. Respiratory symptoms were reported by 58% of children and gastrointestinal symptoms, by 34%. Three children were asymptomatic, 81 (70%) had upper airway symptoms, 15 (13%) had mild pneumonia, and 16 (14%) had severe pneumonia. Hospitalized children were younger than non-hospitalized children (7 months vs. 36 months). In hospitalized patients, a higher frequency of irritability, dyspnea, drowsiness, respiratory distress, low oxygen saturation, and hepatomegaly was observed. Chest radiography was performed in 69 children with 45% of abnormal exams. No child required mechanical ventilation and there were no deaths. Conclusions: Most of children and adolescents affected by COVID-19 had mild upper airway symptoms. Clinical manifestations of COVID-19 were more severe among younger children who exhibited gastrointestinal and respiratory symptoms more frequently.

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“…Public health interventions, such as school closures, have been shown to decrease the risk of community viral spread on a population level. 9 Epidemiologists have found that although Original Research children are less likely to exhibit SARS-CoV-2 symptoms compared with adults, 10,11 they also have more subtle presentations 11e13 and may spread disease to family members at home. 14, 15 On an individual level, these data suggest that families with children at home, particularly families who are not able to physically distance, may be at a higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 acquisition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in pregnant women

Sakowicz

Ayala

Ukeje

et al. 2020

American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology MFM

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BACKGROUND: Risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in pregnancy remain poorly understood. Identifying and understanding populations at a heightened risk of acquisition is essential to more effectively target outreach and prevention efforts. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of pregnant women with and without severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and, among those with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, to compare characteristics of those who reported coronavirus disease symptoms and those who were asymptomatic at diagnosis. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective cohort study includes pregnant women who delivered or intended to deliver at Northwestern Memorial Hospital after initiation of a universal testing protocol on admission (April 8, 2020eMay 31, 2020). Women were dichotomized by whether they had a positive test result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Among women with a positive test result, women were further dichotomized by whether they reported symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019. Bivariable analysis and parametric tests of trend were used for analyses. Logistic regression was used to control for potential confounders and to examine effect modification between race and ethnicity and any other identified risk factors. RESULTS: During the study period, 1418 women met inclusion criteria, of whom 101 (7.1%) had a positive test result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Of the 101 women who had a positive test result, 77 (76.2%) were symptomatic at the time of diagnosis. Compared with women who had a negative test result for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, those with a positive test result were younger and were more likely to have public insurance, to identify as black or African American or Latina, to be unmarried, to be obese, to have preexisting pulmonary disease, and to have living children. An increasing number of living children was associated with an increasing risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, and this finding persisted after controlling for potential confounders. There was no effect modification between race or ethnicity and having living children with regard to the risk of infection. There were no significant differences identified between women who were symptomatic and asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Many risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in pregnancy are similar to the social and structural determinants of health that have been reported in the general population. The observed association between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection and having children raises the possibility of children themselves being vectors of viral spread or behavior patterns of parents being mediators of acquisition.

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A literature review of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infection in neonates and children

Abstract: A literature review of 2019 novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV2) infection in neonates and children.

Cited by 60 publications

References 96 publications

Concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe neurologic involvement in a late-preterm neonate

Concomitant SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe neurologic involvement in a late-preterm neonate

Clinical Manifestations of Children and Adolescents With Covid-19: Report of the First 115 Cases From Sabará Hospital Infantil

Risk factors for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in pregnant women

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