“…Some of the commonly considered metamodels in structural reliability literature include: polynomial response surfaces (e.g., [8]), Kriging (e.g., [18,10,29]), Artificial Neural Networks (e.g., [41]) and Support Vector Machines (e.g., [3]). The majority of the proposed metamodel-based algorithms consider the RBDO formulation (e.g., [10,29]), while several approaches examine the RO formulation (e.g., [18,41]). Similar to the decoupling approaches with approximate reliability methods, the decoupling approaches for RBDO problems with sampling-based reliability methods attempt to approximate the probability of failure throughout the optimization process.…”