A long-term assessment of fire regimes in a Brazilian ecotone between seasonally dry tropical forests and savannah

Argibay, Daihana Soledad; Sparacino, Javier; Espíndola, Giovana Mira de

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2020.106151

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…When years with rain deficit in respect to the historical average occur, the tendency is that the extent of burned areas increases-a pattern found in the Cerrado portion of Maranhão as a whole [51], and in other regions of Brazil, as reported by Darbyshire, et al [58] and Dionizio, et al [59]. Such tendency is quite important since our analyses found that the period in the study tended to have lower rainfall rates in the region, which was also observed by Argibay, Sparacino and Espindola [6].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Both the EDS and LDS had similar durations, which were regular and relatively close to the MDS. Only two years did not present all dry seasons: 2014 did not have an EDS, while LDS was absent in 2017, differing from a Caatinga-Cerrado ecotone in the adjacent Piauí state, which had less stable EDS and LDS, as presented by Argibay, Sparacino and Espindola [6].…”

Section: Spatial and Seasonal Distribution Of Fire Scarsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Anthropogenic fires in areas destined for agricultural and livestock activities potentially change regimes' natural intensity and frequency and significantly alter the biological communities where fire occurs naturally. In addition, other factors-such as climate-can influence fire regimes, which can interact synergistically with human activities and cause or worsen fires [3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Wildfire Regimes in Indigenous Lands of the Brazilian Savannah-Like Cerrado

Melo¹,

Sparacino²,

Argibay³

et al. 2021

Fire

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The Brazilian savannah-like Cerrado is classified as a fire-dependent biome. Human activities have altered the fire regimes in the region, and as a result, not all fires have ecological benefits. The indigenous lands (ILs) of the Brazilian Cerrado have registered the recurrence of forest fires. Thus, the diagnosis of these events is fundamental to understanding the burning regimes and their consequences. The main objective of this paper is to evaluate the fire regimes in Cerrado’s indigenous lands from 2008 to 2017. We used the Landsat time series, at 30 m spatial resolution, available in the Google Earth Engine platform to delineate the burned areas. We used precipitation data from a meteorological station to define the rainy season (RS), early dry season (EDS), middle dry season (MDS), and late dry season (LDS) periods. During 2008–2017, our results show that the total burned area in the indigenous lands and surrounding area was 2,289,562 hectares, distributed in 14,653 scars. Most fires took place between June and November, and the annual burned area was quite different in the years studied. It was also possible to identify areas with high fire recurrence. The fire regime patterns described here are the first step towards understanding the fire regimes in the region and establishing directions to improve management strategies and guide public policies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Spatial and Seasonal Distribution Of Fire Scarsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing Wildfire Regimes in Indigenous Lands of the Brazilian Savannah-Like Cerrado

Melo¹,

Sparacino²,

Argibay³

et al. 2021

Fire

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“…Despite the low fire densities in the Caatinga biome, as well as Pantanal and Pampa, there is a need for public policies to be implemented punctually and spatially to facilitate fire prevention and effective fire fighting 30 . Caatinga showed the potential for high alteration, largely in in well preserved areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent fire foci in all biomes undermine the Paris Agreement in Brazil

Silva

Teodoro

Delgado

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Brazil is one of the world’s biggest emitters of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Fire foci across the country contributes to these emissions and compromises emission reduction targets pledged by Brazil under the Paris Agreement. In this paper, we quantify fire foci, burned areas, and carbon emissions in all Brazilian biomes (i.e., Amazon, Cerrado, Caatinga, Atlantic Forest, Pantanal and Pampa). We analyzed these variables using cluster analysis and non-parametric statistics to predict carbon and CO2 emissions for the next decade. Our results showed no increase in the number of fire foci and carbon emissions for the evaluated time series, whereby the highest emissions occur and will persist in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. The Atlantic Forest, Pantanal, Caatinga and Pampa biomes had low emissions compared to the Amazon and Cerrado. Based on 2030 projections, the sum of emissions from fire foci in the six Brazilian biomes will exceed 5.7 Gt CO2, compromising the national GHG reduction targets. To reduce GHG emissions, Brazil will need to control deforestation induced by the expansion of the agricultural frontier in the Amazon and Cerrado biomes. This can only be achieved through significant political effort involving the government, entrepreneurs and society as a collective.

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“…De acordo Argibay et al (2020), a produtividade e umidade da biomassa para a queima em eventos de incêndios na vegetação varia de acordo os ciclos climatológicos anuais. Ano com precipitações acima da média incorre em poucas áreas queimadas e maior formação de biomassa, em contrapartida, ano com precipitações abaixo da média favorece formação de combustível seco para queima e resulta em grandes áreas queimadas.…”

Section: Issn:1984-2295unclassified

Análise do conteúdo de umidade foliar de fitofisionomias do Cerrado com uso de imagens do multispectral instrument do satélite Sentinel 2

Rezende¹,

Ferreira

2020

Rev. Bras. Geog. Fis.

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O estudo realizou uma análise comparativa entre o índice de reflectância de duas fitofisionomias (Macega e Cerradão) do Cerrado nas bandas de imagens do Instrumento Multiespectral (MSI) do satélite Sentinel 2 das bandas Short-wave infrared (SWIR) 1 e 2 e Near Infra-Red (NIR) de duas fitofisionomias do Cerrado em consonância com os dados in situ de Fuel Moisture Content (FMC) afim de contribuir com técnicas de Sensoriamento Remoto para monitorar combustíveis vegetais e perigos de incêndio. Dados adicionais de variáveis ambientais como temperatura e umidade do ar, e de satélites como precipitação e conteúdo de umidade de solo foram consideradas neste estudo. A análise dos dados foi feita com a aplicação de correlação linear e de regressão múltipla. No FMC, os resultados ficaram acima de 100% para o Cerradão e para a Macega atingiu valor mínimo de 20%. Na análise de correlação, a banda NIR se correlacionou positivamente (R² = 0,32) ao FMC do Cerradão, enquanto na Macega, a melhor correlação foi identificada nas bandas do SWIRs (R² = 0,36) inversamente ao FMC. Na análise de regressão, o FMC do Cerradão indicou correspondência à umidade de solo. Conclui-se que vegetais vivos tendem a recorrer a umidade do solo, enquanto que os vegetais mortos são mais afetados por variáveis atmosféricas e, por isso, são mais propensos a incêndios, como a Macega. O monitoramento do FMC por Sensoriamento Remoto requer maior amostragem em relação ao bioma Cerrado, cuja fisiologia complexa mostra ser influenciada por variáveis ambientais e climáticas que deverão ser levadas em conta em análises e estudos posteriores. Leaf moisture content analysis of Cerrado phytophysiognomies using Sentinel 2 satellite multispectral instrument images A B S T R A C T Moisture content of living or dead plant material is a fundamental element in the characterization of the fire's fuel load in wildfire episodes. Satellite imagery and field surveys can help to estimate Fuel Moisture Content (FMC) in different environments. FMC is computed as wet weight over dry weight of vegetation samples. In this study, 24 FMC samples of Brazilian Savana vegetation were collected between May and October 2019 in two phytotypes: Cerrado Típico and Campo Limpo, in the municipality of Sacramento / MG. We applied an statistic correlation to reflectance of the Sentinel-2 MSI spectral bands (Multispectral Instrument). Data on soil moisture, temperature, precipitation and air humidity were tested in a Multiple Linear Regression to verify possible impacts of these elements on FMC results. SWIR 1 band had a better correlation (R² = 0.33) with Campo Limpo samples, the reflectance increases as the plant's humidity decreases, turning to dead leaves. In Cerrado Típico, FMC increased during the period, keeping leaves alive. Dead leaves are affected by atmospheric variations and are more prone to burning. The risk of fire is imminent in Campo Limpo and reflectance analysis of short wave infrared (SWIR) is a strategy to predict risk of fires in this environment.Keywords: wildfire risk; fuel moisture content; reflectance

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A long-term assessment of fire regimes in a Brazilian ecotone between seasonally dry tropical forests and savannah

Cited by 20 publications

References 74 publications

Assessing Wildfire Regimes in Indigenous Lands of the Brazilian Savannah-Like Cerrado

Assessing Wildfire Regimes in Indigenous Lands of the Brazilian Savannah-Like Cerrado

Persistent fire foci in all biomes undermine the Paris Agreement in Brazil

Análise do conteúdo de umidade foliar de fitofisionomias do Cerrado com uso de imagens do multispectral instrument do satélite Sentinel 2

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