A longitudinal cross-sectional analysis of substance use treatment trends for individuals experiencing homelessness, criminal justice involvement, both, or neither - United States, 2006-2018

Shearer, Riley D.; Shippee, Nathan D.; Vickery, Kathrine Diaz; Stevens, Maria; Winkelman, Tyler N.A.

doi:10.1016/j.lana.2021.100174

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Third, TEDS-A includes data at the treatment admission rather than at the individual level so that individuals may be represented multiple times. In previous work, we have shown that limiting the sample to treatment admissions for individuals with no prior treatment does not substantially affect the results 40 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…In previous work, we have shown that limiting the sample to admissions for individuals with no prior treatment does not substantially affect the results. 40 Previously identified limitations of each data source may affect interpretations of specific trends. Estimates from NSDUH likely understate the prevalence of less commonly used substances.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019

Shearer,

Segel,

Howell

et al. 2024

Medical Care

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Background: As overdose deaths continue to rise, public health officials need comprehensive surveillance data to design effective prevention, harm reduction, and treatment strategies. Disparities across race and ethnicity groups, as well as trends in substance use, treatment, or overdose deaths, have been examined individually, but reports rarely compare findings across multiple substances or data sources. Objective: To provide a broad assessment of the overdose crisis, we describe trends in substance use, treatment, and overdose mortality across racial and ethnic groups for multiple substances. Research Design: We conducted a longitudinal, cross-sectional analysis comparing trends. Subjects: We identified self-reported use from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, substance use treatment admissions from the Treatment Episode Data Set-Admissions, and overdose deaths from the CDC’s Multiple Cause of Death files. Measures: We measured rates of substance use, treatment, and deaths involving heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine among United States adults from 2010 to 2019. Results: Heroin, methamphetamine, and cocaine use increased, though not all changes were statistically significant. Treatment admissions indicating heroin and methamphetamine increased while admissions indicating cocaine decreased. Overdose deaths increased among all groups: methamphetamine (257%–1,115%), heroin (211%–577%), and cocaine (88%–259%). Changes in rates of use, treatment, and death for specific substances varied by racial and ethnic group. Conclusions: Substance use, treatment, and overdose mortality changed considerably, though not always equivalently. Identifying diverging trends in substance-related measures for specific substances and racial and ethnic groups can inform targeted investment in treatment to reduce disparities and respond to emerging changes in the overdose crisis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019

Shearer,

Segel,

Howell

et al. 2024

Medical Care

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“…We also showed that low rates of MOUD among individuals experiencing CLI or housing instability were not only due to accessing different treatment settings, but lower odds of receiving MOUD. We build on previous research that describes treatment disparities at specialty substance use treatment facilities, by showing these inequities persist across multiple treatment settings ( Han et al., 2022 ; Shearer et al., 2022 ; Stahler et al., 2022 ). This could be due to factors such as prescribers’ perceptions of MOUD adherence and stigmatizing views of CLI and housing instability ( Howell et al., 2022 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Treatment setting among individuals with opioid use and criminal legal involvement, housing instability, or Medicaid insurance, 2015-2021

Shearer

Howell

Khatri

et al. 2023

Drug and Alcohol Dependence Reports

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“…At the intersection of CJS, substance use treatment, and social disadvantage, Han and colleagues [32 ▪▪ ] found that people experiencing homelessness and entering substance use treatment for OUD were less likely to receive MOUD if the CJS referred them. Yet, individuals involved in the CJS and experiencing homelessness had the highest admissions for concurrent heroin and methamphetamine use in 2018 [33 ▪▪ ]. Overall, Shearer and colleagues [33 ▪▪ ] found that 31% of substance use treatment admissions were those involved in the CJS; however, these admissions decreased from 2006 to 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yet, individuals involved in the CJS and experiencing homelessness had the highest admissions for concurrent heroin and methamphetamine use in 2018 [33 ▪▪ ]. Overall, Shearer and colleagues [33 ▪▪ ] found that 31% of substance use treatment admissions were those involved in the CJS; however, these admissions decreased from 2006 to 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of polysubstance use on criminal justice involvement in the United States

Jones

Strong-Jones

Apsley

2023

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

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Purpose of reviewPolysubstance use, broadly defined as using more than one type of substance, disproportionately impacts those involved in the criminal justice system (CJS). This review synthesizes recent findings on polysubstance use among those involved in the CJS and highlights areas of particular concern and interventions.Recent findingsWe use 18 recent articles to identify the prevalence and types of criminal justice involvement and correlates of polysubstance use and criminal justice involvement. We highlight latent patterns of polysubstance use among various criminal justice populations (adults, pregnant women, and youth) and differential associations with adverse substance use and criminal justice outcomes. Lastly, we discuss substance use treatment in the justice system, the role of polysubstance use in treatment access and outcomes, and substance use-related services for previously incarcerated individuals reentering society.SummaryCurrent research provides further evidence of the syndemic nature of polysubstance use, criminal justice involvement, and adverse outcomes, which are complicated by significant barriers to accessing evidence-based treatment in justice settings. Yet, current research is limited due to methodological inconsistency and limited focus on the social determinants of health, racial/ethnic disparities, and interventions to increase treatment and reentry services.

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A longitudinal cross-sectional analysis of substance use treatment trends for individuals experiencing homelessness, criminal justice involvement, both, or neither - United States, 2006-2018

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019

Racial and Ethnic Differences in Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cocaine Use, Treatment, and Mortality Trends in 3 National Data Sources—United States, 2010-2019

Treatment setting among individuals with opioid use and criminal legal involvement, housing instability, or Medicaid insurance, 2015-2021

The role of polysubstance use on criminal justice involvement in the United States

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