“…While numerous studies on founder gender yield equivocal results (e.g., Birley, 1989;Chaganti, 1986;Fischer et al, 1993;Gatewood et al, 1995;Kalleberg and Leicht, 1991;Sexton and Bowman-Upton, 1990), the fact remains that at the population level, there are many differences in the businesses run by men and women, such as common forms of incorporation, sales receipts, type of fi nancing used, and industries in which businesses are formed (Center for Women's Business Research, 2004; US Census Bureau, 2005). Accordingly, it was important to control for possible effects of founder gender on quality evaluations of the founder.…”