A longitudinal study of IP Anycast

Cicalese, Danilo; Rossi, Dario

doi:10.1145/3211852.3211855

Cited by 12 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our measurement sequence is as follows (Figure 2). To perform this task, we utilize iGreedy [21]. iGreedy detects anycast prefixes using the great circle distance methodology (GCD).…”

Section: B Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, we perform DNS resolution from a single vantage point in the Netherlands, which may introduce bias if the targeted servers filter or change the responses based on the requesting IP. Second, our anycast census leverages ICMP reachability of the targeted IPs, which as discussed in [21]- [24] can lead to a lowerbound estimation of anycast deployment. Finally, our analysis 2 For Netherlands' e-gov names we only target those known to use e-mail.…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessing e-Government DNS Resilience

Sommese

Jonker

Ham

et al. 2022

2022 18th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)

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Electronic government (e-gov) enables citizens and residents to digitally interact with their government via the Internet. Underpinning these services is the Internet Domain Name Systems (DNS), which maps e-gov domain names to Internet addresses. Structuring DNS with multiple levels of redundancy that can withstand stress events such as denial-ofservice (DoS) attacks is a challenging task. While the operator community has established best practices to this end, adopting them all involves expert knowledge and resources. In this work, we obtain and study a list of e-gov domain names used by four countries (The Netherlands, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United States) and measure the DNS structuring of these domains. We show the adoption of best practices, inter-country differences, and provide recommendations for improve DNS service robustness.

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“…Our measurement sequence is as follows (Figure 2). To perform this task, we utilize iGreedy [21]. iGreedy detects anycast prefixes using the great circle distance methodology (GCD).…”

Section: B Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing e-Government DNS Resilience

Sommese

Jonker

Ham

et al. 2022

2022 18th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)

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“…There are multiple ways to measure anycast networks towards studies of performance and behavior [19], [33]- [35]. In the case of TANGLED, we deployed VERFPLOETER [35], which we describe next.…”

Section: Data Measurement and Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, IP anycast has been widely employed for load balancing [3] [4] [5], in the DNS infrastructure [6] [7] [8], and CDN cloud providers [9] [10] [11] [12], and, more recently, it has also been studied and deployed for DDoS mitigation [13] [14] [15] [16] [17]. Today, anycast is used to support hundreds of services across the Internet [18] [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tangled: A Cooperative Anycast Testbed

Bertholdo,

Ceron,

de Vries

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Anycast routing is an area of studies that has been attracting interest of several researchers in recent years. Most anycast studies conducted in the past relied on coarse measurement data, mainly due to the lack of infrastructure where it is possible to test and collect data at same time. In this paper we present Tangled, an anycast test environment where researchers can run experiments and better understand the impacts of their proposals on a global infrastructure connected to the Internet.

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“…Each announcement is generated by one anycast site, and whole solutions relies on inter-domain routing to allocate traffic between sites [1] [2]. IP Anycast is used in Content Delivery [3] [4] [5], distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) mitigation [6] [7] [8], and by the Domain Name System (DNS) infrastructure [9] [10] [11]. Nowadays, it is possible to identify hundreds of anycast prefixes being used across the Internet [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BGP Anycast Tuner: Intuitive Route Management for Anycast Services

Bertholdo¹,

Ceron²,

Granville³

et al. 2020

2020 16th International Conference on Network and Service Management (CNSM)

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IP anycast has become a vital technology for DNS and CDN operators alike. Yet, while big operators have their tools to monitor and configure anycast routing, most of anycast networks are still configured manually. In this paper, we introduce a new approach to anycast management. Our solution is based on active measurements combined with traffic engineering. We propose the concept of a "BGP Cookbook" that allows operators to forecast the effects of routing policy changes over their services. We also introduce a web-based interface, called "BGP Anycast Tuner", that allows operators to gain insight into their service's performance and provides easy management through automation. We evaluate our approach by implementing a prototype running in a testbed composed of 12 anycast sites covering 5 continents. We demonstrate our tool in two different use cases: discovering and fixing a sub-optimal anycast routing issue, and shifting traffic between continents, which is useful during service disruptions.

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A longitudinal study of IP Anycast

Cited by 12 publications

References 24 publications

Assessing e-Government DNS Resilience

Assessing e-Government DNS Resilience

Tangled: A Cooperative Anycast Testbed

BGP Anycast Tuner: Intuitive Route Management for Anycast Services

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