A Longitudinal Study of Overweight, Elevated Blood Pressure, and Acanthosis Nigricans Among Low-Income Middle School Students

Kopping, Dana; Nevarez, Holly; Goto, Keiko; Morgan, Irene; Frigaard, Martin; Wolff, Cindy

doi:10.1177/1059840511428615

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Consistent with previous research on the increasing rate of students who are overweight with AN among middle school students (Kopping et al, 2011); researchers in the current study found that time effects were significant for children of the same gender and increased BMI. Children were more likely to have a positive AN marker in later years, compared to the data in the year 2005.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…In a longitudinal study of overweight, elevated BP, and AN among low-income middle school (third- through fifth-grade) students, a sharp increase was found in elevated BP from 2002 to 2006 among obese children. Also, Hispanic students had significantly higher rates of overweight and AN compared to non-Hispanic White students (Kopping et al, 2011).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasing Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Acanthosis Nigricans Abnormalities in School-Age Children

Otto¹,

Wang²,

Garza³

et al. 2013

The Journal of School Nursing

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This retrospective quantitative study examined the relationships among gender, Acanthosis Nigricans (AN), body mass index (BMI), and blood pressure (BP) in children attending school Grades 1-9 in Southwest Texas. Of the 34,897 health screening records obtained for the secondary analysis, 32,788 were included for the study. A logistic regression analysis was carried out with AN as the dependent variable, with year, gender, BMI, and BP as independent variables. The results indicate that the rate of children in each grade with three positive markers increased 2% during a 3-year period between 2008 and 2010. In the 5-year period between 2005 and 2010, a clear trend of significantly higher numbers of children with both AN and BMI markers was apparent. Gender played a significant role as females were more likely to have the AN marker than males. Further study is indicated based on the increasing trend of school-age children in Texas with positive markers for AN, increased BMI and BP.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Acanthosis Nigricans Abnormalities in School-Age Children

Otto¹,

Wang²,

Garza³

et al. 2013

The Journal of School Nursing

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“…The prevalence rates of childhood overweight and obesity in this study were similar to those reported in previous studies in the same region. 6,23,24 The rates found in this study were lower Table 2. groups and mean systolic (F 2,163 = 8.49; P < .01) and diastolic BP (F 2,163 = 5.80; P < .01).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…The link between obesity and EBP demonstrated in this investigation is consistent with that found in other investigations and supports the usefulness of BMI as a screening tool for increased risk of EBP. [20][21][22][23][24] A recent report from the American Academy of Pediatrics evinced that at least 1 CVD risk factor was present in nearly half of the nations' overweight children and in almost two-thirds of obese children. 9 Recommendations for regular early health screenings that include BP measurements have been made for children as young as preschool students; however, there are few mandatory, national, school-based health screenings that include BP measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 Screenings conducted in close proximity to the geographical region of this investigation found higher rates of pre-EBP/EBP in fifth-through eighth-grade students. 23,24 Elementary schools in California have a unique opportunity to implement a screening measurement for EBP in youth. California schools are required to conduct and report FITNESSGRAM assessments for fifth-, seventh-, and ninth-grade students.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identifying Red Flags

Frigaard

Goto

Wolff

et al. 2013

ICAN: Infant, Child, & Adolescent Nutrition

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Childhood obesity is predictive of adulthood obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease risk. The purpose of this study was to examine BMI for age as an independent risk factor for elevated blood pressure (EBP) and pre-EBP in children, controlling for sex, race/ethnicity, and age. The secondary objective was to identify associations among BMI, BP, race/ ethnicity, and sex. EBP was defined as having a BP ≥95th percentile for age, gender, and height; measurements ≥90th percentile were considered indicative of pre-EBP. The study sample included 166 fifth-grade students from 5 low-income elementary schools in northern California. It was found that 32% of students were either overweight (≥85th percentile BMI for age) or obese (≥95th percentile BMI for age), with significantly higher rates (55%) among Hispanic children (P < .01). Also, 22% of students presented with pre-EBP/EBP. Obese students were more likely than normal-weight students to present with a systolic pre-EBP reading (P < .05). Overweight and obese students were more likely than normal-weight students to present with a diastolic pre-EBP reading (P < .05). BMI is independently predictive of EBP. Fitness testing with anthropometric measurements should incorporate BP screenings for students with a BMI ≥85th percentile.

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Observing Anthropometric and Acanthosis Nigrican Changes Among Children Over Time

Law¹,

Northrup²,

Wittberg

et al. 2013

The Journal of School Nursing

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This study assessed the anthropometrics and acanthosis nigricans (AN) in a sample of 7,337 children at two assessments. Four groups of children were identified based on the presence of AN at both time points: those who never had the marker, those who gained the marker, those who lost the marker, and those who maintained the marker. Group differences in height, weight, body composition, and the amount of change in these variables over time were explored. Our findings demonstrated that children who maintain or gain the AN marker had the greatest height, weight, and body composition changes over time. It is apparent that the AN marker does disappear in some children and that this is associated with lower weight gain and body composition loss. If interventions can be developed targeting children who present with the marker, it is likely that their risk of developing type 2 diabetes could be reduced.

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A Longitudinal Study of Overweight, Elevated Blood Pressure, and Acanthosis Nigricans Among Low-Income Middle School Students

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Increasing Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Acanthosis Nigricans Abnormalities in School-Age Children

Increasing Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure, and Acanthosis Nigricans Abnormalities in School-Age Children

Identifying Red Flags

Observing Anthropometric and Acanthosis Nigrican Changes Among Children Over Time

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