A longitudinal study of speech fluency in aphasia

Knopman, David S.; Selnes, Ola A.; Niccum, Nancy; Rubens, Alan B.; Yock, Douglas H.; Larson, David A.

doi:10.1212/wnl.33.9.1170

Cited by 93 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Lesion size had an inverse correlation with the improvement rate [10,13,14,28], the highest negative correlation being found with the recovery of fluency [10], while comprehension recovery may even have a positive correlation with lesion size. Actually, even patients with extremely large middle cerebral artery cortical-subcortical infarcts recover to some extent their verbal comprehension and are able to understand verbal emotional expressions, single spoken or written words and some one-step commands.…”

Section: Language Factors: Severity Type Of Aphasia and Language Commentioning

confidence: 93%

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Recovery from Aphasia and Neglect

1999

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Section: Language Factors: Severity Type Of Aphasia and Language Commentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Large prerolandic infarcts involving simultaneously several of the above-mentioned anatomical structures usually produce a persisting Broca's aphasia [15]. Persistent nonfluency is associated with extensive cortico-subcortical rolandic damage [14].…”

Section: Language Factors: Severity Type Of Aphasia and Language Commentioning

confidence: 99%

Recovery from Aphasia and Neglect

1999

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“…Previous reports on the role of the nondominant hemisphere after injury have produced controversial and inconsistent results (Marsh et al, 2006;Crosson et al, 2009). According to some authors, the participation of the nondominant hemisphere is required during reorganization (Calvert et al, 2000;Crinion and Price, 2005;Pulvermüller et al, 2005;Jensen et al, 2011) at least during the early stages of recovery (Knopman et al, 1983;Weiller et al, 1995;Elkana et al, 2011). Other studies suggested that the dominant hemisphere is essential for (Crosson et al, 2007) reorganization (Saur et al, 2006) and that efficacious recovery (to normal language performance) requires the involvement of perilesional areas in the dominant hemisphere (Beharelle et al, 2010).…”

Section: Laterality Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

What do patients with epilepsy tell us about language dynamics? A review of fMRI studies

Baciu

Perrone‐Bertolotti

2015

Reviews in the Neurosciences

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AbstractThe objective of this review is to resume major neuroimaging findings on language organization and plasticity in patients with focal and refractory epilepsy, to discuss the effect of modulatory variables that should be considered alongside patterns of reorganization, and to propose possible models of language reorganization. The focal and refractory epilepsy provides a real opportunity to investigate various types of language reorganization in different conditions. The ‘chronic’ condition (induced by the epileptogenic zone or EZ) is associated with either recruitment of homologous regions of the opposite hemisphere or recruitment of intrahemispheric, nonlinguistic regions. In the ‘acute’ condition (neurosurgery and EZ resection), the initial interhemispheric shift (induced by the chronic EZ) could follow a reverse direction, back to the initial hemisphere. These different patterns depend on several modulatory factors and are associated with various levels of language performance. As a neuroimaging tool, functional magnetic resonance imaging enables the detailed investigation of both hemispheres simultaneously and allows for comparison with healthy controls, potentially creating a more comprehensive and more realistic picture of brain-language relations. Importantly, functional neuroimaging approaches demonstrate a good degree of concordance on a theoretical level, but also a considerable degree of individual variability, attesting to the clinical importance with these methods to establish, empirically, language localization in individual patients. Overall, the unique features of epilepsy, combined with ongoing advances in technology, promise further improvement in understanding of language substrate.

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“…Indeed, for a long time, it was assumed that the role of Broca's area was more constrained to language production than language comprehension (e.g., Geschwind, 1965). The specialized role of Broca's area in controlling articulation per se, however, is questionable (Blank, Scott, Murphy, Warburton, & Wise, 2002;Dronkers, 1998;Dronkers, 1996;Knopman et al, 1983;Mohr et al, 1978;Wise, Greene, Buchel, & Scott, 1999). More recent evidence demonstrates that Broca's area is likely to play as significant a role in language comprehension as it does in language production (for review see Bates, Friederici, & Wulfeck, 1987;Poldrack et al, 1999;Vigneau et al, 2006).…”

Section: The Role Of Broca's Area In Language Comprehensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Speech-associated gestures, Broca’s area, and the human mirror system

Skipper¹,

Goldin‐Meadow²,

Nusbaum³

et al. 2007

Brain and Language

231

172

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Speech-associated gestures are hand and arm movements that not only convey semantic information to listeners but are themselves actions. Broca's area has been assumed to play an important role both in semantic retrieval or selection (as part of a language comprehension system) and in action recognition (as part of a "mirror" or "observation-execution matching" system). We asked whether the role that Broca's area plays in processing speech-associated gestures is consistent with the semantic retrieval/selection account (predicting relatively weak interactions between Broca's area and other cortical areas because the meaningful information that speech-associated gestures convey reduces semantic ambiguity and thus reduces the need for semantic retrieval/selection) or the action recognition account (predicting strong interactions between Broca's area and other cortical areas because speech-associated gestures are goal-direct actions that are "mirrored"). We compared the functional connectivity of Broca's area with other cortical areas when participants listened to stories while watching meaningful speech-associated gestures, speech-irrelevant self-grooming hand movements, or no hand movements. A network analysis of neuroimaging data showed that interactions involving Broca's area and other cortical areas were weakest when spoken language was accompanied by meaningful speech-associated gestures, and strongest when spoken language was accompanied by self-grooming hand movements or by no hand movements at all. Results are discussed with respect to the role that the human mirror system plays in processing speech-associated movements.

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A longitudinal study of speech fluency in aphasia

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Recovery from Aphasia and Neglect

Recovery from Aphasia and Neglect

What do patients with epilepsy tell us about language dynamics? A review of fMRI studies

Speech-associated gestures, Broca’s area, and the human mirror system

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