A longitudinal study on depressive symptoms and physical activity during the Spanish lockdown

Cecchini, José A.; Carriedo, Alejandro; Fernández-Río, Javier; Méndez–Giménez, Antonio; González, Carmen Fernández; Sánchez-Martínez, Beatriz; Rodríguez-González, Pablo

doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.09.001

Cited by 32 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This could be related to differences in the socio-cultural contexts faced by different populations and/or differences between countries. However, other longitudinal studies carried out in Spain have reported a significant increase in depressive symptoms, both between subjects and within subjects, during the first weeks of lockdown, though there is no consensus regarding the progression of anxiety [ 34 , 40 , 41 ]. The differences between these studies could be due to the different scales they used to measure anxiety and depression, their cut-off points, their design, or the range of periods considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

Ripoll

Contreras-Martos

Esteva

et al. 2021

JCM

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Confining the entire population to a lockdown after the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 was an unprecedented measure designed to protect the health of those living in Spain. The objective of the present study is to assess the evolution of mental health and psychological wellbeing during lockdown. To do this, we carried out a longitudinal study, via an online survey over the eight weeks of lockdown (weekly assessments). Sociodemographic variables were recorded, along with data related to COVID-19, psychological wellbeing (anxiety, depression, psychotropic drugs, consultations made to improve mood or anxiety), life satisfaction, and self-perceived health. A total of 681 individuals participated in the study, 76.8% were women; the mean age was 43 years old (SD = 12.7). Initially, high scores were reported for anxiety, depression, and the number of consultations to improve mood, but these decreased significantly over the study period. The reverse seems to be true for life satisfaction, perceived good health, and intake of psychotropic drugs. We also identified groups whose psychological wellbeing was more susceptible to the effects of lockdown. Women, those worried about their jobs after the pandemic, and those afraid of being infected were the most affected individuals. More generally, after the initial negative effect on psychological wellbeing, various indicators improved over the lockdown period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

Ripoll

Contreras-Martos

Esteva

et al. 2021

JCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In the current literature there is substantial debate about the detrimental effects of pandemic fatigue. In particular, there are two major views: some longitudinal studies supported the theory that adverse effects have intensified as time in lockdown increased and showed significant increments in negative symptoms such as depression, anxiety, or stress (Ausín et al, 2021;Cecchini et al, 2021;Gopal et al, 2020). In contrast, other studies argued that the effects did not increase over time and, in any case, were are greater at the beginning of the pandemic due to uncertainty and fear of the unknown situation (Canet-Juric et al, 2020).…”

Section: Effects Of Pandemic Fatiguementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the pandemic has progressed, teachers and universities have been adapting and have implemented several innovations to improve the online teaching experience of students (Scull et al, 2020). On the other hand, the variables related to the social aspects of the academic experience, such as the contact with other students and teachers, may be negatively affected by the feeling of burnout as time in lockdown passes (Ausín et al, 2021;Cecchini et al, 2021;Gopal et al, 2020). As other studies have reported, the lockdown situation has triggered the feeling of isolation and disconnection of students (Al-Balas et al, 2020;Puljak et al, 2020;Son et al, 2020), feelings already identified in pedagogical research on the challenges of e-learning (Mcinnerney & Roberts, 2004).…”

Section: Effects Of the Prolonged Lockdown On Students' Learning Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Academic and emotional effects of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on engineering students

et al. 2021

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The unprecedented situation of the COVID-19 pandemic has caused the closure of universities worldwide and has forced the transition to online learning. This exceptional context compels us to understand students' experience with online learning. Previous literature identifies relevant factors that intervene in the online education experience and can affect students' academic development. One of the main concerns is the students' mental health, given the lockdown restrictions under which classes have been conducted. Furthermore, the impact of the prolonged lockdown and the pandemic fatigue on university students and their academic experience is still unclear. This study delves into engineering undergraduate students' online education experience during the COVID-19 pandemic and its emotional impact across time. With this aim, a questionnaire was distributed to second, third, and fourth-year engineering undergraduate students at two time points, approximately six months apart. The results show significant differences in students' connection with other students and teachers, workspace conditions, and boredom between time points. Besides, the findings indicate significant correlations between academic development and quality of online classes, adaptation of the course, workspace conditions, and connection with other students and teachers, and also between students' emotions and connection with other students and teachers. Finally, the study identifies best practices carried out during online teaching that will be of value for future courses and engineering education beyond the pandemic situation, amongst which those related to effective communication with teachers stand out.

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“…During the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have investigated its mental health consequences in the Spanish adult population (Gonzalez-Sanguino et al, 2020;Cecchini et al, 2021;Garcia-Fernandez et al, 2020;Losada-Baltar et al, 2021;Planchuelo-Gomez et al, 2020;Justo-Alonso et al, 2020;Pérez et al, 2020;Balanzá-Martínez et al, 2020;Valiente et al, 2021;Mortier et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population

Ayuso-Mateos

Morillo

Haro

et al. 2021

Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci

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Aims: to assess whether there is a change in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation after the strict lockdown measures due to the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain; and to assess which are the factors associated with the incidence of a depressive episode or suicidal ideation during the lockdown. Methods: data from a longitudinal adult population-based cohort from the provinces of Madrid and Barcelona was analysed (n=1103). Structured face-to-face home-based interviews (pre-pandemic) and telephone interviews were performed. Both depression and suicidal ideation were assessed through an adaptation of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0). A variety of validated instruments and sociodemographic variables including age, sex, educational level, occupational status, home quietness, screen time, resilience, loneliness, social support, physical activity, disability, economic situation, and COVID-19 related information were also considered. Population prevalence estimates and multivariable logistic regressions were computed. Results: overall, prevalence rates of depression and suicidal ideation did not change significantly from before to after the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the rates of depression among individuals aged 50+ years showed a significant decrease compared to before the pandemic (from 8.48% to 6.41%; p=0.01). Younger individuals (OR=0.97; 95% CI=0.95-0.99) and those feeling loneliness (OR=1.96; 95% CI=1.42-2.70) during the lockdown were at increased risk of developing depression during the confinement.Resilience showed a protective effect against the risk of depression (OR=0.46; 95% CI=0.32-0.66) and suicidal ideation (OR=0.33; 95% CI=0.16-0.68), while individuals perceiving social support were at lower risk of developing suicidal thoughts (OR=0.35; 95% CI=0.18-0.69). Conclusions: continuous reinforcement of mental health preventive and intervening measures during and in the aftermath of the crisis is of global importance, particularly among vulnerable groups who are experiencing the most distress. Future research should strive to evaluate the long-terms effects of the COVID-19 crisis on mental health.

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A longitudinal study on depressive symptoms and physical activity during the Spanish lockdown

Cited by 32 publications

References 29 publications

Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

Mental Health and Psychological Wellbeing during the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Longitudinal Study in the Balearic Islands (Spain)

Academic and emotional effects of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic on engineering students

Changes in depression and suicidal ideation under severe lockdown restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Spain: a longitudinal study in the general population

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