A longitudinal study on insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease

Abstract

In the present two-year longitudinal investigation, the progression of periodontal disease was assessed after 1 year from the baseline examination in 38 dentate subjects and after 2 years in 22 dentate subjects with a mean duration of 18 years of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The diabetics, aged 35 to 56 years at baseline, were under medical treatment at the outpatient clinic of the III Department of Medicine, University Central Hospital of Helsinki and at 2 diabetic clinics of the Helsinki Health Centre. Based upon their long-term medical records, 26 subjects were at baseline identified as having poorly controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (PIDD) with a mean blood glucose level of 12.5 mmol/l and a mean glycosylated hemoglobin (HBA1) level of 10.1%. 12 subjects were classified as having controlled insulin-dependent diabetes (CIDD) with a mean blood glucose level of 6.7 mmol/l and a mean HBA1 level of 9.2% at baseline. For each individual, recordings were made at baseline and after 1 and 2 years from the baseline for the plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, loss of attachment, bleeding after probing, gingival recession, and radiographic loss of alveolar bone. At baseline and 2 years after the baseline examination, the PIDD subjects had similar plaque conditions as the CIDD subjects. At baseline and after 1 and 2 years from baseline the PIDD subjects had more gingivitis and bleeding after probing (P < 0.05, chi 2-test) than the CIDD subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Disturbance of Periodontal Tissue Caused by Mechanical Compression into the Gingival Col of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

“…Causes for periodontal diseases are known to be various factors, dental occurrence of periodontal disease is higher and accelerates resorption of alveolar bone, and inadequate control of blood sugar level was related to the severity of periodontal diseases [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] .…”

The Role of Genetic Predisposition in Diagnosis and Therapy of Periodontal Diseases in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

“…[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] Individuals with DM tend to have a higher prevalence of periodontal diseases and more severe and rapidly progressing forms than those who do not have DM. 41,48 DM is a known risk factor for periodontitis in adults.…”

“…41,48 DM is a known risk factor for periodontitis in adults. Seppälä et al 49 demonstrated that patients with type 1 DM exhibit a higher degree of attachment loss and bone loss than control subjects under similar dental plaque conditions. This finding was confirmed in a follow-up site-by-site study by the same authors.…”

Communication and Community

“…Metabolic control of diabetes is considered to play the major role in determining the level of periodontal disease. Poorly controlled diabetic patients have more gingival inflammation, periodontal pockets and/or attachment loss than well-controlled diabetic patients (Ervasti et al 1984, Tervonen & Knuuttila 1986, Safkan-Seppälä & Ainamo 1992, Seppälä et al 1993, Tervonen & Oliver 1993, Seppälä & Ainamo 1994. But there are also studies in which no relation between periodontal disease and metabolic control is found (Bacic et al 1988, Hayden & Buckley 1989, Bridges et al 1996.…”