A longitudinal study on the stability of the need for cognition

Bruinsma, Jeroen; Crutzen, Rik

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2018.02.001

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…However, models that support and refute such conclusions exist when conclusions are invalid, which results in a high level of fallacious acceptance of invalid-believable problems and a high level of correct refusal of invalid-unbelievable problems (Stupple et al, 2011). Furthermore, cognitive abilities and motivations are believed to decline with age (Gilinsky and Judd, 1994;Bruinsma and Crutzen, 2018). Therefore, we hypothesize that older adults will show a lower accuracy rate relative to young adults in invalid-believable problems.…”

Section: Present Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The 18-item NFC scale, which was developed by Cacioppo et al (1984), is widely used for measuring cognitive motivation (Cacioppo et al, 1996;Nair and Ramnarayan, 2000;Fortier and Burkell, 2014;Bruinsma and Crutzen, 2018). In the present study, a Chinese version of the 18-item NFC scale introduced by Kuang et al (2005) was used to assess NFC.…”

Section: Nfc Scalementioning

confidence: 98%

“…They found that the low-logic group showed rapid responses, the medium-logic group showed slower responses, and the high-logic group showed relatively unbiased responses that came at the cost of increased reasoning times, especially with invalid-believable conclusions. Furthermore, age-related change in NFC occurred over time, and older adults had lower NFC levels compared with young adults (Bruinsma and Crutzen, 2018). Therefore, the effect of NFC in the relationship between age and syllogistic reasoning performance is explored in the present study.…”

Section: Need For Cognition (Nfc) and Belief Biasmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Several researchers have argued that the influence of cognitive ability and the effect of cognitive motivation should be considered when investigating reasoning and judgment processes (Hess et al, 2012;Samanez-Larkin and Knutson, 2015). NFC refers to the intrinsic motivation to process information, which has a crucial influence on the reasoning process (Cacioppo et al, 1996;Bruinsma and Crutzen, 2018). Individuals with high NFC tend to engage strongly in cognitive processes requiring thinking positively (Nair and Ramnarayan, 2000) and seek additional information when faced with problems such as judging and reasoning (Furnham and Thorne, 2013).…”

Section: Need For Cognition (Nfc) and Belief Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Belief Bias Effect in Older Adults: Roles of Working Memory and Need for Cognition

et al. 2020

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Belief bias is the tendency in syllogistic reasoning to rely on prior beliefs rather than to fully obey logical principles. Few studies have investigated the age effect on belief bias. Although several studies have recently begun to explore this topic, little is known about the psychological mechanisms underlying such an effect. Accordingly, we investigated belief bias in older and young adults and explored the roles of working memory (WM) and need for cognition (NFC) in the relationship between age and reasoning performance. We found that older adults showed a lower accuracy rate compared with young adults when conclusion believability and logical validity were incongruent. However, older adults showed a higher accuracy rate compared with young adults when conclusion believability and logical validity were congruent. The results indicated that in comparison with young adults, prior beliefs hampered logical reasoning more significantly in older adults under incongruent conditions and boosted logical reasoning more significantly under congruent conditions. Moreover, the logic index in older adults was significantly lower than in young adults, and the interaction index of believability and validity in older adults was significantly below zero. Furthermore, NFC mediated the age effect on reasoning performance under the two conditions. By contrast, WM mediated the age effect on reasoning performance only under incongruent conditions and did not act as a mediator under congruent conditions.

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Section: Present Researchmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Nfc Scalementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Need For Cognition (Nfc) and Belief Biasmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Need For Cognition (Nfc) and Belief Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Belief Bias Effect in Older Adults: Roles of Working Memory and Need for Cognition

et al. 2020

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“…Cognitive motivation, or need for cognition, is a relatively stable individual difference ( Bruinsma and Crutzen, 2018 ) in the tendency to engage in and enjoy effortful cognitive activities ( Chatterjee et al, 2000 ). Thus, cognitive motivation concerns the willingness to invest in information-processing endeavors rather than cognitive ability and is therefore only modestly correlated with cognitive intelligence ( Cacioppo et al, 1996 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Let’s Get Out of Here!”: Cognitive Motivation and Maximizing Help Teams Solving an Escape Room

2020

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Contemporary teams often face complex problem-solving tasks. We theorized that two individual differences previously neglected in team research (cognitive motivation and maximizing) would be helpful for teams facing such situations. We tested this assertion on 81 teams participating in an escape-room simulation in which teams were locked into a pre-arranged room and had to solve various complex problems to escape the room as quickly as possible. The findings show that the average of the team members’ cognitive motivation had a positive direct relation to team performance, while maximizing had a positive indirect relation to team performance via cooperation.

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Thinking through the social world: Further exploring the direct, moderated, and mediated relationship between need for cognition and aggression

Barlett

2024

Aggressive Behavior

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Findings from a paucity of research suggest that need for cognition (NFC) is negatively correlated with trait aggression. The correlational nature of the data juxtaposed with the reliance on assessing trait aggression negates causal claims regarding this relationship. The objective of the current research to expand our understanding of the relationship between NFC and aggression in the following ways: (1) focus on state, rather than trait, aggressive behavior, (2) examine the role of provocation, and (3) test the mediating influence of state anger and revenge motives. Our study had US emerging adult participants randomly assigned to be provoked or not before completing measures of anger, revenge motives, and aggression. Results showed that only revenge motives mediated the relationship between NFC and aggression, which was found to be significant only for provoked participants. Results are discussed in theoretical and practical implications.

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A longitudinal study on the stability of the need for cognition

Cited by 29 publications

References 35 publications

Belief Bias Effect in Older Adults: Roles of Working Memory and Need for Cognition

Belief Bias Effect in Older Adults: Roles of Working Memory and Need for Cognition

“Let’s Get Out of Here!”: Cognitive Motivation and Maximizing Help Teams Solving an Escape Room

Thinking through the social world: Further exploring the direct, moderated, and mediated relationship between need for cognition and aggression

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