A Low‐Cost Biofuel Cell with pH‐Dependent Power Output Based on Porous Carbon as Matrix

Liu, Ying; Wang, Mingkui; Zhao, Feng; Liu, Baifeng; Dong, Shaojun

doi:10.1002/chem.200500308

Cited by 81 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…0.28 V. As shown in Figure 6, the maximum power density, the open-circuit cell voltage and the short-circuit current density were obtained to be 8 mW/cm 2 , 0.29 V, and 85 mA/ cm 2 , respectively, in the stirred acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose. However, the maximum power density, the open-circuit cell voltage and the short-circuit current density dropped to be 4 mW/cm 2 , 0.23 V, and 66 mA/cm 2 , respectively, in a stirred PBS (pH 7.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose, highlighting the pH-dependent enzymatic activities of the immobilized enzymes and the pH-dependent electroactivities of the electron mediators, as reported previously [27,28]. In fact, the Lac from Trametes versicolor shows its largest catalytic activity at pH 3.0 in the presence of ABTS [28].…”

Section: Construction Of the Monopolar Glucose Bfc And Electrochemicasupporting

confidence: 52%

Study on Glucose Biofuel Cells Using an Electrochemical Noise Device

et al. 2008

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An electrochemical noise (ECN) device was utilized for the first time to study and characterize a glucose/O 2 membraneless biofuel cell (BFC) and a monopolar glucose BFC. In the glucose/O 2 membraneless BFC, ferrocene (Fc) and glucose oxidase (GOD) were immobilized on a multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/Au electrode with a gelatin film at the anode; and laccase (Lac) and an electron mediator, 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt (ABTS), were immobilized on a MWCNTs/Au electrode with polypyrrole at the cathode. This BFC was performed in a stirred acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose in air, with a maximum power density of 8 mW/cm2 , an open-circuit cell voltage of 0.29 V, and a short-circuit current density of 85 mA/cm 2 , respectively. The cell current at the load of 100 kW retained 78.9% of the initial value after continuous discharging for 15 h in a stirred acetate buffer solution (pH 5.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose in air. The performance decrease of the BFC resulted mainly from the leakage of the ABTS mediator immobilized at the cathode, as revealed by the two-channel quartz crystal microbalance technique. In addition, a monopolar glucose BFC was performed with the same anode as that in the glucose/O 2 membraneless BFC in a stirred phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.0) containing 40 mmol/L glucose, and a carbon cathode in Nafion-membrane-isolated acidic KMnO 4 , with a maximum power density of 115 mW/cm 2 , an open-circuit cell voltage of 1.24 V, and a short-circuit current density of 202 mA/cm 2 , respectively, which are superior to those of the glucose/O 2 membraneless BFC. A modification of the anode with MWCNTs for the monopolar glucose BFC increased the maximum power density by a factor of 1.8. The ECN device is highly recommended as a convenient, real-time and sensitive technique for BFC studies.

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Section: Construction Of the Monopolar Glucose Bfc And Electrochemicasupporting

confidence: 52%

Study on Glucose Biofuel Cells Using an Electrochemical Noise Device

et al. 2008

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“…0.45 V versus Ag/AgCl, implies its possible use as a biocatalyst for the construction of the cathodes of biofuel cells. Electrical wiring of laccase, Lac, or bilirubin oxidase, BOD, and the biocatalytic reduction of O 2 by these enzymes was accomplished by using 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ABTS 2-, (E = 0.44 V vs. Ag/AgCl) as diffusional ET mediator [36,37].…”

Section: Electrically Contacted Enzyme-polymer Composites For Biofuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated Enzyme‐Based Biofuel Cells–A Review

et al. 2009

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The electrical contacting of redox enzymes with electrodes is one of the most fundamental processes in bioelectrochemistry. Redox enzymes usually lack direct electron transfer communication between their active redox centres and electrode supports. This barrier for electron transfer (ET) is explained by the Marcus electron transfer theory [1] that states that the electron transfer rate between a donor and an acceptor pair is given by Eq. 1, where d and d o are the actual distance and the Van der Waals distance separating the donor-acceptor pair, respectively, DG o and k are the free energy change and the reorganisation energy accompanying the electron transfer (ET) process, respectively, and b is the electronic coupling coefficient.Realizing that the dimensions (diameters) of redox proteins are in the range of 70-200 Å, and that the redox centres are embedded in the protein matrices, the spatial separation of the biocatalytic redox sites from the electrode prevents the electrical contacting of the enzyme with the electrode [2]. Different methods to establish electrical communication between the redox centres of enzymes and electrodes were developed in the past 25 years. These include, Figure 1, the use of diffusional electron mediators that transport electrons between the redox centres and the electrode, path (A) [3], the tethering of redox-active relay units to the protein (on the periphery as well as inner protein sites) to shorten the electron transfer distances and to mediate ET between the biocatalytic redox centres and the electrode, path (B) [4], and to immobilise the redox enzymes in electroactive polymer matrices, and particularly, redox-active hydrogels, that transport the electrons between the enzyme active sites and the electrodes by means of flexible charge carrying redox-active segments associated with the polymer matrices, path (C) [5]. Also, the reconstitution of apo-enzymes on relay/cofactor units associated with electrodes provided an effective means to electrically contact redox enzymes with electrodes [6]. According to this paradigm, Figure 1, path (d), the native cofactor is extracted from the enzyme, and the reconstitution of the resulting enzyme on the relay-cofactor dyad linked to the electrode yields a AbstractEnzyme-based biofuel cells provide versatile means to generate electrical power from biomass or biofuel substrates, and to use biological fluids as fuel-sources for the electrical activation of implantable electronic medical devices, or prosthetic aids. This review addresses recent advances for assembling biofuel cells based on integrated, electrically contacted thin film-modified enzyme electrodes. Different methods to electrically communicate the enzymes associated with the anodes/cathodes of the biofuel cell elements are presented. These include: (i) The reconstitution of apoenzymes on relay-cofactor monolayers assembled on electrodes, or the crosslinking of cofactor-enzyme affinity complexes assembled on electrodes. (ii) The immobilisation of enzymes in redox-active hydrogels a...

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“…Their active electrode surface is substantially larger than those in solid graphite or glassy carbon. The strong adsorption of copper oxidoreductases has been observed to exhibit catalytic activity toward dioxygen on materials such as carbon black [78], finely divided colloidal graphite [59,65,74], acetylene carbon black [59,65,74,83], active carbon [64,67], porous carbon [75], ozone-treated carbon black [67], single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) [93], carbon aerogel [58,68], graphite microparticles embedded in sol-gel processed silicate [94], Ketjenblack [58,66,95] multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) [85], lipid-modified MWCNTs [81] or polyaromatic compound-modified MWCNTs [84] adsorbed on GC, carbon felt [57], mesoporous carbon [52,82] and hydrophilic carbon nanoparticles [96], and pyrene sulfonate-modified SWCNTs [97] embedded in sol-gel processed silicate matrix. Biocathode obtained by microperoxidase-11 adsorption on CNTs immobilized on GC [70] or on Pt [71] has been used to investigate enzyme adsorption on carbon-based materials.…”

Section: Immobilization Of the Enzyme On The Biocathodementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bioelectrocatalysis of dioxygen electroreduction is observed for GC [56] or porous carbon [75] electrode modified by adsorbed laccase immersed in ABTS 2À buffer solution. In the former case this mediator was found to be superior to other water-soluble mediators in terms of current density [56].…”

Section: Biocathodes Employing Mediated Electrocatalysismentioning

confidence: 99%