A Low-Cost Lung Monitoring Point-of-Care Device Based on a Flexible Piezoresistive Flow Sensor

Saha, Uttariyo; Kamat, Amar M.; Sengupta, Debarun; Jayawardhana, Bayu; Kottapalli, Ajay Giri Prakash

doi:10.1109/sensors47125.2020.9278710

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In [51], Saha et al presented a low-cost lung monitoring device featured by high reliability and low cost. The result was a comfortable cylindrical mouthpiece constituted by a sensor a then electronics for signal processing.…”

Section: Rr = 30 Mtdmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Wearable Piezoresistive and Inertial Sensors for Respiration Rate Monitoring

et al. 2021

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The demand for wearable devices to measure respiratory activity is constantly growing, finding applications in a wide range of scenarios (e.g., clinical environments and workplaces, outdoors for monitoring sports activities, etc.). Particularly, the respiration rate (RR) is a vital parameter since it indicates serious illness (e.g., pneumonia, emphysema, pulmonary embolism, etc.). Therefore, several solutions have been presented in the scientific literature and on the market to make RR monitoring simple, accurate, reliable and noninvasive. Among the different transduction methods, the piezoresistive and inertial ones satisfactorily meet the requirements for smart wearable devices since unobtrusive, lightweight and easy to integrate. Hence, this review paper focuses on innovative wearable devices, detection strategies and algorithms that exploit piezoresistive or inertial sensors to monitor the breathing parameters. At first, this paper presents a comprehensive overview of innovative piezoresistive wearable devices for measuring user’s respiratory variables. Later, a survey of novel piezoresistive textiles to develop wearable devices for detecting breathing movements is reported. Afterwards, the state-of-art about wearable devices to monitor the respiratory parameters, based on inertial sensors (i.e., accelerometers and gyroscopes), is presented for detecting dysfunctions or pathologies in a non-invasive and accurate way. In this field, several processing tools are employed to extract the respiratory parameters from inertial data; therefore, an overview of algorithms and methods to determine the respiratory rate from acceleration data is provided. Finally, comparative analysis for all the covered topics are reported, providing useful insights to develop the next generation of wearable sensors for monitoring respiratory parameters.

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Section: Rr = 30 Mtdmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Wearable Piezoresistive and Inertial Sensors for Respiration Rate Monitoring

et al. 2021

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“…In addressing this issue, considerable effort has been devoted to developing respiration sensors with different types of sensing elements. These include more traditional choices such as using resistive [5,6] , piezoresistive [7][8][9] , and triboelectric materials [10,11] or through other unconventional methods such as oximeter sensors, gas sensors, humidity sensors [12][13][14] , forced oscillation techniques (FOT) [15] , and thermal flow sensors [16,17] . Each sensing type presents its benefits and drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic sensors, which can minimize dependability on the intrinsic electrical properties of the sensing material, allow higher reproducibility and reliability than sensors based solely on conductive materials such as resistive or piezoresistive-based sensors [5][6][7][8][9] . These features make magnetic sensors potentially useful for their application as respiration sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D-printed magnetic-based air pressure sensor for continuous respiration monitoring and breathing rehabilitation

Zulkifli,

Jeong,

Kim

et al. 2024

Soft Sci

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The rapid development of point-of-care testing has made prompt diagnosis, monitoring and treatment possible for many patients suffering from chronic respiratory diseases. Currently, the biggest challenge is further optimizing testing devices to facilitate more functionalities with higher efficiency and performance, along with specificity toward patient needs. By understanding that patients with chronic respiratory diseases may have difficulty breathing within a normal range, a respiration sensor is developed focusing on sensitivities in the lower air pressure range. In contrast to the simpler airflow data, the sensor can provide respiratory air pressure as an output using a magnetic-based pressure sensor. This unconventional but highly reliable approach, combined with the rest of the simple 3D-printed design of the sensor, offers a wide range of tunability and functionalities. Due to the detachable components of the respiration sensor, the device can be easily transformed into other respiratory uses such as an inspiratory muscle training device or modified to cater for higher-ranged deep breathing. Therefore, not only does it reach very low air pressure measurement (0.1 cmH2O) for normal, tidal breathing, but the sensor can also be manipulated to detect high levels of air pressure (up to 35 cmH2O for exhalation and 45 cmH2O for inhalation). With its excellent sensitivities (0.0456 mV/cmH2O for inhalation, -0.0940 mV/cmH2O for exhalation), impressive distinction between inhalation and exhalation, and fully reproducible and convenient design, we believe that this respiration sensor will pave the way for developing multimodal and multifunctional respiration sensors within the biomedical field.

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“…Resistive flexible sensors used in breathing detection are commonly applied on the chest walls since they detect deformations related to respiratory movements [21]. Several studies have been conducted to explore the use of piezoresistive sensors for breath monitoring [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inertial and Flexible Resistive Sensor Data Fusion for Wearable Breath Recognition

Zabihi,

Bhawya,

Pandya

et al. 2024

Applied Sciences

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This paper proposes a novel data fusion technique for a wearable multi-sensory patch that integrates an accelerometer and a flexible resistive pressure sensor to accurately capture breathing patterns. It utilizes an accelerometer to detect breathing-related diaphragmatic motion and other body movements, and a flex sensor for muscle stretch detection. The proposed sensor data fusion technique combines inertial and pressure sensors to eliminate nonbreathing body motion-related artifacts, ensuring that the filtered signal exclusively conveys information pertaining to breathing. The fusion technique mitigates the limitations of relying solely on one sensor’s data, providing a more robust and reliable solution for continuous breath monitoring in clinical and home environments. The sensing system was tested against gold-standard spirometry data from multiple participants for various breathing patterns. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach in accurately monitoring breathing rates, even in the presence of nonbreathing-related body motion. The results also demonstrate that the multi-sensor patch presented in this paper can accurately distinguish between varying breathing patterns both at rest and during body movements.

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A Low-Cost Lung Monitoring Point-of-Care Device Based on a Flexible Piezoresistive Flow Sensor

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

An Overview of Wearable Piezoresistive and Inertial Sensors for Respiration Rate Monitoring

An Overview of Wearable Piezoresistive and Inertial Sensors for Respiration Rate Monitoring

3D-printed magnetic-based air pressure sensor for continuous respiration monitoring and breathing rehabilitation

Inertial and Flexible Resistive Sensor Data Fusion for Wearable Breath Recognition

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