A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review

Román, Sonia; Panduro, Arturo; Aguilar-Gutierrez, Yadira; Maldonado-González, Montserrat; Vázquez-Vandyck, M; Martínez-López, Érika; Ruíz-Madrigal, Bertha; Hernández‐Nazará, Zamira H.

doi:10.1007/s12072-008-9115-9

Cited by 46 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…HBV transmission may be due to exposure to biological fluids, e.g., unprotected sex practices. 33 Being sexually active showed a trend but not a statistically significant difference in its association with anti-HBc positive OR D 6.05; p D 0.208. This may be explained because the mean age in our study was 20 y and a positive correlation between age and detection of anti-HBc has been reported that it is doubled starting at 25 y in Mexico.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Hepatitis B surface antibodies in medical students from a public university in Puebla, Mexico

Cárdenas-Perea

Gómez-Conde

Santos‐López

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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Although preventable with vaccination, Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major health concern, with »400 million people at risk of developing the chronic form of the disease worldwide. The anti-HBV vaccine consists of a recombinant HBV surface antigen (HBsAg), which induces specific anti-HBs antibodies and confers 95% protection for >20 y. The aim of the present study was to analyze the response to HBV vaccination by measuring anti-HBs antibodies in serum samples from medical students of a public university in Puebla, Mexico. HBV infection markers HBsAg and anti-HBs, were also determined. A total of 201 students were included and vaccination coverage was found at 54%. Overall seropositivity for HBsAg, anti-HBc and anti-HBs determined by ELISA was 0.5%, 1.0% and 47%, respectively. Protective levels of anti-HBs >10 mIU/mL were found in 93.2% of subjects vaccinated with 2 or 3 doses and in 40% of those vaccinated with a single dose; while only 4.8% of unvaccinated subjects were anti-HBs positive. The response to the HBV vaccine was different in each participant, despite similar vaccination scheme. A history of blood transfusion/organ transplant or more than 2 sexual partners was significantly associated with anti-HBc positivity, OR D 399 (p D 0.010) and OR D 19.9 (p D 0.044), respectively. HBV immunization coverage was low in our sample compared with reports from countries with similar HBV prevalence, but anti-HBs in vaccinated individuals were in the expected range. It is important to promote HBV vaccination and awareness among medical students, due to their exposure risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Hepatitis B surface antibodies in medical students from a public university in Puebla, Mexico

Cárdenas-Perea

Gómez-Conde

Santos‐López

et al. 2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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“…As reported by others (Martin et al 2009), a low detection rate of certain cytokines, including IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, TNF-β, MIG, GMCSF and GCSF, was also observed in our study. However, even with a reduced percentage of samples testing positive for HBV DNA as a result of the low HBV prevalence in Mexico (Roman et al 2009), distinct cytokine profiles were seen in OHBinfected patients when compared to healthy individuals and patients that had resolved HBV infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple cytokine expression profiles reveal immune-based differences in occult hepatitis B genotype H-infected Mexican Nahua patients

Fierro¹,

Román²,

Realpe³

et al. 2011

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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A high prevalence of occult hepatitis B (OHB) genotype H infections has been observed in the native Mexican Nahua population. In addition, a low incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma has been described in Mexico. The immune response to infection among OHB-infected patients has been poorly evaluated in vivo. Therefore, we assessed the expression profiles of 23 cytokines in OHB genotype H-infected Nahua patients. A total of 41 sera samples from natives of the Nahua community were retrospectively analysed. Based on their HBV antibody profiles, patients were stratified into two groups: OHB patients (n = 21) and patients that had recovered from HBV infection (n = 20). Herein, we report distinctive cytokines profiles in OHB-infected individuals. Compared to healthy controls (n = 20) and patients who resolved HBV infection, OHB-infected patients displayed an increase in interleukin (IL)-2 secretion in addition to a characteristic inflammation profile (decrease in IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels and increased levels of tumour growth factor-beta). IL-15 and interferon-gamma levels were reduced in OHB-infected individuals when compared to those patients who resolved HBV infection. In contrast, OHB patients showed an increase in monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 and MCP-2 compared to healthy controls and patients who resolved HBV infection. These findings suggest that cytokine expression can influence the severity of OHB disease and could lead to new investigation into the treatment of liver and other infectious diseases

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“…This strategy restricts the bias that may impose the heterogeneous nature of the reports, and has proven to be valid when combining a number of studies with inherent heterogeneity in sample size and effects [67]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review and meta-analysis of Toxoplasma gondii infection among the Mexican population

et al. 2012

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BackgroundToxoplasmosis is a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii and at least one-third of the world’s population has detectable T. gondii antibodies. The seroprevalence of T.gondii ranges from 15% to 50% among the Mexican general population. The aim of this work was to determine the mean prevalence and weighted mean prevalence of T. gondii infection, and to evaluate the epidemiological transition of infection in Mexico.MethodsPub Med, Lilacs, Medline, Latindex, Google Scholar data bases were searched to retrieve reports from 1951 up to 2012 regarding prevalence data, diagnostic tests and risk factors of infection among the adult population. Data collection and criteria eligibility was established in order to determine the crude prevalence (proportion of positive cases) of each study, together with weighted population prevalence according to individual research group categories to limit the bias that may impose the heterogeneous nature of the reports. A Forest Plot chart and linear regression analysis were performed by plotting the prevalence of infection reported from each study over a period of sixty years.ResultsA total of 132 studies were collected from 41 publications that included 70,123 individuals. The average mean prevalence was 27.97%, and weighted mean prevalence was 19.27%. Comparisons among different risk groups showed that the weighted prevalence was higher in women with miscarriages (36.03%), immunocompromised patients (28.54%), mentally-ill patients (38.52%) and other risk groups (35.13%). Toxoplasma infection among the Mexican population showed a downward trend of 0.1%/year over a period of sixty years that represents a 5.8% reduction in prevalence.ConclusionsThis analysis showed a downward trend of infection; however, there are individuals at high risk for infection such as immunocompromised patients, mentally-ill patients and pregnant women. Further research is required to provide better prevention strategies, effective diagnostic testing and medical management of patients. Educational efforts are required to avoid the transmission of infection in populations that cannot be controlled by drugs alone.

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A low steady HBsAg seroprevalence is associated with a low incidence of HBV-related liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in Mexico: a systematic review

Cited by 46 publications

References 56 publications

Hepatitis B surface antibodies in medical students from a public university in Puebla, Mexico

Hepatitis B surface antibodies in medical students from a public university in Puebla, Mexico

Multiple cytokine expression profiles reveal immune-based differences in occult hepatitis B genotype H-infected Mexican Nahua patients

A systematic review and meta-analysis of Toxoplasma gondii infection among the Mexican population

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