Distributed denial of service attacks continue to pose major threats to the Internet. Attackers often forge source addresses to escape detection, how to effectively trace the attackers back is an important issue of Internet security. Researchers have proposed various IP traceback schemes, but for these schemes, there exist some shortcomings in the aspects of computation overhead, storage overhead, traceback accuracy, traceback time and so on. Furthermore, in the field of IP traceback, comparisons among different IP traceback methods are mainly ones of multiple evaluation indexes one by one, and there does not exist an evaluation model (or an evaluation method) to comprehensively evaluate different schemes. The paper has proposed an analytic hierarchy process-based evaluation model for IP traceback (AEMT). Subsequently, the paper takes the network supervision department (an evaluator) and selecting a method under all scenes for the random deployment (a model target) for example, and applies AEMT to evaluate four typical traceback methods based on unified simulation experiments. In the end, the evaluation result conforms to the design and application characteristics of traceback methods. AEMT can supply the traceback field with an evaluation model, which can comprehensively quantitatively evaluate different traceback schemes.