“…This approach has been developed by Pietruszczak and his coworkers since late 1980s until recent days (Pietruszczak and Krucinski, 1989a,b;Mróz, 2000, 2001;Inglis and Pietruszczak, 2003;Oboudi et al, 2016;Pietruszczak and Oboudi, 2017;Pietruszczak and Pakdel, 2022), mainly based on Kanatani's (1984) concept of the directional porosity. Direct and indirect applications and extensions of this method are wide, including a series of works on the bearing capacity problem, hydraulic conductivity and hydromechanical behavior of porous materials by homogenization technique (Molaei et al, 2021; Jameei and Pietruszczak, 2020; Veiskarami et al, 2023;Jameei and Pietruszczak, 2023). The effect of anisotropy on the bearing capacity by the limit analysis, was made by by defining the directional shear strength parameters.…”