A Magnetic Amplifier for Radio Telephony

Alexanderson, E. F. W.; Nixdorff, S.P.

doi:10.1109/jrproc.1916.217224

Cited by 26 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Although the radio-frequency (RF) parametric circuit technique predates even vacuum-based valves [3] and re-emerged as a mainstream approach early in the post-war period [4], it has played a marginal role at best in circuit considerations since the establishment of high-speed GaAs technology and the subsequent improvements of silicon-based transistors. Over the last 40 years, parametric circuits have mainly been used to realize efficient frequency multipliers [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric CMOS upconverters and downconverters

Zhao

Magierowski

Belostotski

2013

Circuit Theory & Apps

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SUMMARYThis paper discusses parametric CMOS mixers as potential radio-frequency front-end contributors to advanced mm-wave and sub-mm-wave wireless communicators. It outlines fundamental concepts underlying parametric circuit operation highlighting its benefits with regards to power consumption, speed, and noise performance. The implementation of parametric CMOS architectures is detailed. Critical device properties and figures of merit are shown. Measurement results of prototype designs are given.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parametric CMOS upconverters and downconverters

Zhao

Magierowski

Belostotski

2013

Circuit Theory & Apps

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“…In evaluating these terms, we must now take into account second-order variations of I, ( 3 /dt, etc. are such second-order variations).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Transient Behavior of Nonlinear Systems

Clauser

1960

IRE Trans. Circuit Theory

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particles are so large that gain fluctuations from their discreteness is not appreciable.It is to be remarked that because of inclusion of fluctuation effects, the quantum model is more complete than the classical nonlinear circuit. The idealized reactor is noise-free because its response is a single valued function of stimulus. The noise sources inherently associated with any physical reactor must be evaluated from the departure from the ideal. These departures include the dissipative effects which any real inductor or capacitor exhibits. The low-noise performance of the back-biased semiconductor junction used as a nonlinear capacitor arises from the relatively small dissipation of energy.The final difference which we wish to mention is perhaps the most puzzling of all. This is that the idealized reactor is described by nonlinear equations while the analogous quantum mechanical system is analyzed by linear operations. It is true that we do not solve for the same quantities in both cases. In the reactor, we calculate relations between current, voltage, charge, and flux linkage. In the maser, Schroedinger and Heisenberg's methods actually evaluate probability density functions from which only average values of observable quantities can be obtained. But the calculations are linear, and for large systems the average values furnish an adequate description.

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1973

Interactions Between Electromagnetic Fields and Matter

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A Magnetic Amplifier for Radio Telephony

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Parametric CMOS upconverters and downconverters

Parametric CMOS upconverters and downconverters

The Transient Behavior of Nonlinear Systems

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