A Manic-like Psychosis Due to Khat Catha edulis Forsk

Aj, Giannini; Castellani, Sam

doi:10.3109/15563658208992500

Cited by 96 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…However, in this study the association between khat use and mental disorders was not statistically significant, which is contrary to a review of khat use in different countries [24][25][26][27]. Cigarette smokers were 3 times more likely to use khat when compared to nonsmokers which is consistent with studies from Jimma and Gondar, Ethiopia [30,36].…”

Section: Khat Use Cor(95% Ci) Aor(95% Ci) P-valuecontrasting

confidence: 60%

“…In general terms, there were sporadic case reports on a possible association between khat use and the occurrence of mental disorders, such as manic-like psychosis, incidence of psychotic symptoms increased with excessive use of khat and delusional disorder [24][25][26][27]. The psychiatric patients are more vulnerable populations to substance abuse when compared to the general populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Khat Use in Persons with Mental Illness in Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Tolu¹,

Krahl²

2015

J Addict Res Ther

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Section: Khat Use Cor(95% Ci) Aor(95% Ci) P-valuecontrasting

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Khat Use in Persons with Mental Illness in Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Tolu¹,

Krahl²

2015

J Addict Res Ther

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“…A better source of information is the 20 up-to-date descriptions of cases of khat-induced brief psychotic episodes that are available in the medical literature (Alem & Shibre, 1997;Carothers, 1945;Critchlow & Seifert, 1987;Dhadphale et al, 1981;Giannini & Castellani, 1982;Gough & Cookson, 1984;Jager & Sireling, 1994;McLaren, 1987;Nielen, van der Heijden, Tuinier & Verhoeven, 2004;Pantelis, Hindler & Taylor, 1989;Yousef et al, 1995). All except one of the patients in these studies were male.…”

Section: (B) Can Khat Induce Clinically Relevant Short-lived Psychotmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic khat use and psychotic disorders: A review of the literature and future prospects

Odenwald¹

2007

SUCHT

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Aims: In recent decades, the traditional habit of chewing the khat leaves, which contain the amphetamine-like cathinone, has undergone profound changes in African and Arab countries, from a socially regulated use pattern to uncontrolled consumption. This is of special public mental-health concern. In this article, a review of the scientific literature on the relationship between khat use and psychosis is provided. Results: Several case studies, but only a few group and community-based studies, have addressed this topic. The studies show inconsistent results, have methodological problems, and fail to report quantitative results. Many important questions remain unaddressed. Conclusions: The frequently stated association between khat use and psychosis contrasts with the small number of sound studies. Currently, only a few conclusions can be drawn, that excessive khat use can cause brief psychotic disorders and that people with a preexisting vulnerability should be discouraged to use it. The direction of causality between general psychopathology and khat use remains unclear. This review confirms the need for quantitative, controlled, and longitudinal studies,

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“…3 Long-term use of Khat can precipitate the following effects: negative impact on liver function, permanent tooth darkening (of a greenish tinge), susceptibility to ulcers, oral cancer and diminished sex drive. 9 Cathinone has been found to produce coronary vasoconstriction due to the nor ephedrine metabolite activity upon ingestion. Therefore, Khat chewers have been found to have an increase incidence of myocardial infarction, possibly arising from vasospasms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Khat abuse and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University, Ethiopia

Wazema

Madhavi

2015

Int J Res Med Sci

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INTRODUCTIONKhat use occurs in all segments of all societies, which results in decreased work and school performance, and absenteeism.1 Presently, the worldwide consumption of khat can be estimated at some 5-10 million people per day, though it is nearly completely limited to East Africa and south western Arabia.2 Khat use is prevalent in three countries of the Region, namely Djibouti, Somalia and Yemen. It is variously estimated that in these countries, about 60 % -80 % of the adults consume Khat on a daily basis. Its use is rising in reputation, with extensive social and economic effects such as shifting of crop patterns in favor of Khat growth.3 From a total of Khat chewers who lives in three towns in south-western Uganda, The secondary school and the college student's account 9.2 % ABSTRACT Background: Khat is one of the shrub plants with an amphetamine-like stimulant effect. Khat use occurs in all segments of all societies, which results in decreased work and school performance, and absenteeism. This study therefore is aimed to determine the prevalence of Khat abuse and identifying their associated factors among Jimma University. Method: Sample size is 620 students. The study was done by using a multistage sampling technique. Results: Out of 620 students, 150 (24.2 %) males and 15 (2.4 %) females were ever chewer. Of which 129 (20.8 %) males and 13 (2.1) of females had chewed in the last 12month. From the total of 142 students who chewed in the last 12 month, low risk chewer and dependent were 24 (3.9 %) and 7 (1.1 %) respectively. Out of 111 Khat abusers 21(50 %), 25 (59.5 %), 7 (16.7 %) and 2 (4.8 %) of them had used cigarette, Alcohol, Shisha and Hashish respectively. Among Khat abusers, 51 (45.9 %) were chewing on daily base, 40 (36.1 %) weekly, 10 (9 %) monthly, 7 (6.3 %) occasionally and 3 (2.7 %) others. The amount of Khat chewed at a time was estimated per cost in birr, and 87 (78.4 %) of the abusers chewed Khat that costs more than 20 birr per ceremony. Different reasons for chewing Khat were mentioned by Khat abusers. The major reason mentioned was to get concentration 50 (50.5 %) followed by relaxation 32 (29.9%). Discussion: Khat abuse is prevalent among undergraduate students of Jimma University. Khat abuse is significantly associated with male gender, pocket money, faculty Khat use habit among family members. Most students use Khat to get concentration.

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A Manic-like Psychosis Due to Khat Catha edulis Forsk

Cited by 96 publications

References 10 publications

Khat Use in Persons with Mental Illness in Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Khat Use in Persons with Mental Illness in Southwest Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Chronic khat use and psychotic disorders: A review of the literature and future prospects

Prevalence of Khat abuse and associated factors among undergraduate students of Jimma University, Ethiopia

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