A map of the cat brain for regions producing self-stimulation and unilateral inattention

O'Donohue, Neil; Hagamen, W. D.

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(67)90038-8

Cited by 28 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…6). In addition axons from the locus coeruleus ascend in relation to the superior cerebellar peduncle (Loizou, 1969;Ungerstedt, 1971) and a number of positive sites here have been reported (O'Donohue and Hagamen, 1967;Routtenberg and Malsbury, 1969). Two early and extensive studies, moreover (Olds et al, 1960;Olds and Olds, 1963), yielded the conclusion that two systems were involved-a system with high response rates which originated in the posterior hypothalamus or ventral mesencephalon, and a less strongly positive system situated dorsally and laterally at the posterior diencephalic level.…”

Section: Earlier Data Reconsideredsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…This suggests that the underlying systems may arise from foci in the brainstem. Surveys of the brainstem confirm that positive sites can be found both in the region of the superior cerebellar peduncle (O'Donohue and Hagamen, 1967;Routtenberg and Malsbury, 1969) and in some parts of the floor of the fourth ventricle (Routtenberg and Malsbury, 1969).…”

Section: Cb Hpcmentioning

confidence: 86%

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Catecholamine-containing neurones and electrical self-stimulation: 1. a review of some data

1972

Psychol. Med.

203

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SynopsisSYNOPSIS Experimental data on the location in the brain of electrode sites supporting electrical self-stimulation are reviewed. All previous studies are in agreement that the behaviour is most easily elicited from lateral hypothalamic sites corresponding approximately to the fibre pathways known as the ‘medial forebrain bundle’. Some brainstem electrode sites will support self-stimulation. Experiments are summarized which indicate that there is a correlation between the sites of electrode tips positive for self-stimulation and the location of catecholamine-containing neurones in two regions: (1) in the region of the dopamine-containing cells in the ventral mesencephalon (cell-body groups A9 and AIO of Dahlstr¨m and Fuxe, 1964), and (2) in the region of the noradrenaline-containing cells of the locus coeruleus (A6 group). These two cell-body groups give rise to axons which pass through the medial forebrain bundle to form terminal systems with a widespread distribution in the prosencephalon. The hypothesis is advanced that electrical self-stimulation results in the majority of cases from activation of one or both of these catecholamine-containing systems.

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Section: Earlier Data Reconsideredsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Cb Hpcmentioning

confidence: 86%

Catecholamine-containing neurones and electrical self-stimulation: 1. a review of some data

1972

Psychol. Med.

203

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“…Several more projections from Td have been identified, most notably to CBcx (Carta et al, 2019) and to thalamic nuclei (MD, MNG, VA, and VL) from Td and other DA cell groups in hypothalamus and periaqueductal gray (Sanchez‐Gonzalez et al, 2005). The results of this study are also consistent with findings of Briese and Olds (1964) and Plotnik et al (1972) in the macaque, Ball et al (1974) in the rat and O'Donohue and Hagamen (1967) in the cat. New to this study is the mapping of positive ICSS sites in granular PFC, which does not exist in the rat, but which is by far the largest component of frontal cortex in the primate 3…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Mapping reward mechanisms by intracerebral self‐stimulation in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Bowden

German

2021

J of Comparative Neurology

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The objective of the study was to identify brain structures that mediate reward as evidenced by positive reinforcing effects of stimuli on behavior. Testing by intracerebral self‐stimulation enabled monkeys to inform whether activation of ~2900 sites in 74 structures of 4 sensorimotor pathways and 4 modulatory loop pathways was positive, negative or neutral. Stimulation was rewarding at 30% of sites, negative at 17%, neutral at 52%. Virtually all (99%) structures yielded some positive or negative sites, suggesting a ubiquitous distribution of pathways transmitting valence information. Mapping of sites to structures with dense versus sparse dopaminergic (DA) or noradrenergic (NA) innervation showed that stimulation of DA‐pathways was rewarding or neutral. Stimulation of NA‐pathways was not rewarding. Stimulation of association areas was generally rewarding; stimulation of purely sensory or motor structures was generally negative. Reward related more to structures' sensorimotor function than to density of DA‐innervation. Stimulation of basal ganglia loop pathways was rewarding except in lateral globus pallidus, an inhibitory structure in the negative feedback loop; stimulation of the cerebellar loop was rewarding in anterior vermis and the spinocerebellar pathway; and stimulation of the hippocampal CA1 loop was rewarding. While most positive sites were in the DA reward system, numerous sites in sparsely DA‐innervated posterior cingulate and parietal cortices may represent a separate reward system. DA‐density represents concentrations of plastic synapses that mediate acquisition of new synaptic connections. DA‐sparse areas may represent innate, genetically programmed reward‐associated pathways. Implications of findings in regard to response habituation and addiction are discussed.

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“…as one reward pathway. The present results pointed to the significance of the extrapyramidal system in brainstem reward, and the possibility that the red nucleus may occupy a nodal position in this reward system.In spite of speculations relating the selfstimulation phenomenon to reticular formation function (Glickman & Schiff, 1967; Sharpless, 1958) or differentiating the former from the latter (Routtenberg, 1968b), the evidence so far available (Glickman, 1960;O'Donohue & Hagamen, 1967;Olds & Peretz, 1960) makes it difficult to specify what the precise nature of the relationship might be. As a first assessment of the problem, a comparison of self-stimulation points throughout the brainstem seemed necessary.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Brainstem pathways of reward.

Routtenberg¹,

Malsbury²

1969

Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology

205

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One-hundred thirty-four albino rats implanted with a single bipolar electrode aimed at a brainstem site were tested for self-stimulation. Six of these Ss were then subjected to small lesions at the stimulation site so that degeneration from reward and neutral regions could be compared. Structures not typically related to reward (substantia nigra, brachium conjunetivmn, ventral tegmental decussation, rubrospinal tract) yielded self-stimulation, while brainstem structures typically associated or implicated in the reward process (reticular formation, tegmental reticular nucleus, dorsal tegmental nucleus) did not yield self-stimulation behavior. Degeneration experiments supported the mapping work by implication of the brachium conjunctivum . as one reward pathway. The present results pointed to the significance of the extrapyramidal system in brainstem reward, and the possibility that the red nucleus may occupy a nodal position in this reward system.In spite of speculations relating the selfstimulation phenomenon to reticular formation function (Glickman & Schiff, 1967; Sharpless, 1958) or differentiating the former from the latter (Routtenberg, 1968b), the evidence so far available (Glickman, 1960;O'Donohue & Hagamen, 1967;Olds & Peretz, 1960) makes it difficult to specify what the precise nature of the relationship might be. As a first assessment of the problem, a comparison of self-stimulation points throughout the brainstem seemed necessary. As this study progressed it was also necessary to incorporate the Nauta (1957) technique to gain further information. In Experiment 1, therefore, are presented brainstem mapping data and in Experiment 2 are presented observations of axonal degeneration caused by lesions made at the site of self-stimulation.

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A map of the cat brain for regions producing self-stimulation and unilateral inattention

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Catecholamine-containing neurones and electrical self-stimulation: 1. a review of some data

Catecholamine-containing neurones and electrical self-stimulation: 1. a review of some data

Mapping reward mechanisms by intracerebral self‐stimulation in the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta)

Brainstem pathways of reward.

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