“…Here, it should be noted that although P i (t, x)(i � 2, 3) is only defned as 0⩽x < t, but for the sake of discussion, P i (t, x)(i � 2, 3) can be defned according to the actual physical background of the system and P i (t, x)(i � 2, 3) is extended on x > t, that is, supplementary defnition P i (t, x) � 0, x > t, i � 2, 3. At the same time, the system is out of state i(i � 2, 3) of the risk function; that is, the fx quotiety of the faulty component in the system in the state i(i � 2, 3) can be defned as follows by the conditional probability [21,22]:…”