A Matched Influenza Vaccine Strain Was Effective in Reducing the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Persons

Hsu, Shu-Yun; Chen, Fong-Lin; Liaw, Yung‐Po; Huang, Jing‐Yang; Nfor, Oswald Ndi; Chao, Day‐Yu

doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002869

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Gurfinkel and colleagues reported a significant reduction of the risk of death and ischemic events in patients suffering from CVD following a single intramuscularly dose of influenza vaccination 23 . In the case of AMI, the effectiveness of influenza vaccination was reported to be between 19 and 45% based on relevant studies 24 , 25 . The results of Wu et al, the study confirmed the beneficial role of influenza vaccination in reducing the risk of CVDs in elderly patients with previous myocardial infarction 26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are many contrasting ideas on the effectiveness of influenza vaccination on CVDs events. On the one hand, some observational studies demonstrate a positive relationship between influenza vaccination and a reduced incidence of cardiovascular events such as acute myocardial infarction (AMI) 5 , 6 . On the other hand, some epidemiological studies indicate that influenza vaccines do not have much effect 7 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Protective effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zangiabadian

Nejadghaderi

Mirsaeidi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. There are many contrasting ideas on the effectiveness of influenza vaccination on CVDs. This study aimed to investigate the association between influenza vaccination and the risk of CVDs. We systematically searched all PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, and the Cochrane library entries up to November 2019 for studies of influenza vs. the CVDs outcomes. We conducted a random-effects meta‐analysis using the inverse variance method for pooled risk ratios (RR) or odds ratios (OR) and evaluated statistical heterogeneity using the I2 statistic. We identified 17 studies (6 randomized controlled trial [RCT], 5 cohorts, and 6 case–control) with a total of 180,043 cases and 276,898 control participants. The pooled RR of developing CVDs after influenza vaccination in RCT studies was 0.55 (95% CI 0.41–0.73), which was significant (P-value = 0.00). The pooled OR of decreasing CVDs after influenza vaccination in cohort studies was 0.89 (95% CI 0.77–1.04). The pooled OR of developing CVDs after influenza vaccination by pooling case–control studies was 0.70 (95% CI 0.57–0.86, (P-value = 0.00). All of these studies suggest decreased risks of CVDs with influenza vaccination. The current study does support the protective role of influenza vaccination on CVDs events. Health authorities may develop evidence-based preventive strategies to offer influenza vaccination in patients with CVDs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Zangiabadian

Nejadghaderi

Mirsaeidi

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Several clinical reports have shown that influenza vaccination reduces influenza-associated cardiovascular events (4,36,(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50)(51)(52)(53). Gwini et al identified that the influenza vaccine-induced protective effect is greater in those receiving the vaccine before mid-November (49).…”

Section: Association Between Influenza Virus Infection and Cardiovascmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Viral Infection

2020

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Influenza virus infection causes 3-5 million cases of severe illness and 250,000-500,000 deaths worldwide annually. Although pneumonia is the most common complication associated with influenza, there are several reports demonstrating increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. Several clinical case reports, as well as both prospective and retrospective studies, have shown that influenza can trigger cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction (MI), myocarditis, ventricular arrhythmia, and heart failure. A recent study has demonstrated that influenza-infected patients are at highest risk of having MI during the first seven days of diagnosis. Influenza virus infection induces a variety of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines and recruitment of immune cells as part of the host immune response. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in influenza-associated cardiovascular diseases will help to improve treatment plans. This review discusses the direct and indirect effects of influenza virus infection on triggering cardiovascular events. Further, we discussed the similarities and differences in epidemiological and pathogenic mechanisms involved in cardiovascular events associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) compared to influenza infection.

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“… 33 Moreover, clinical evidence indicates that influenza vaccination may protect against acute myocardial infarction. 34 , 35 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human influenza A virus causes myocardial and cardiac-specific conduction system infections associated with early inflammation and premature death

Filgueiras-Rama

Vasilijevic

Jalife

et al. 2020

Cardiovascular Research

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Aims Human influenza A virus (hIAV) infection is associated with important cardiovascular complications, although cardiac infection pathophysiology is poorly understood. We aimed to study the ability of hIAV of different pathogenicity to infect the mouse heart, and establish the relationship between the infective capacity and the associated in vivo, cellular and molecular alterations. Methods and results We evaluated lung and heart viral titres in mice infected with either one of several hIAV strains inoculated intranasally. 3D reconstructions of infected cardiac tissue were used to identify viral proteins inside mouse cardiomyocytes, Purkinje cells, and cardiac vessels. Viral replication was measured in mouse cultured cardiomyocytes. Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) were used to confirm infection and study underlying molecular alterations associated with the in vivo electrophysiological phenotype. Pathogenic and attenuated hIAV strains infected and replicated in cardiomyocytes, Purkinje cells, and hiPSC-CMs. The infection was also present in cardiac endothelial cells. Remarkably, lung viral titres did not statistically correlate with viral titres in the mouse heart. The highly pathogenic human recombinant virus PAmut showed faster replication, higher level of inflammatory cytokines in cardiac tissue and higher viral titres in cardiac HL-1 mouse cells and hiPSC-CMs compared with PB2mut-attenuated virus. Correspondingly, cardiac conduction alterations were especially pronounced in PAmut-infected mice, associated with high mortality rates, compared with PB2mut-infected animals. Consistently, connexin43 and NaV1.5 expression decreased acutely in hiPSC-CMs infected with PAmut virus. YEM1L protease also decreased more rapidly and to lower levels in PAmut-infected hiPSC-CMs compared with PB2mut-infected cells, consistent with mitochondrial dysfunction. Human IAV infection did not increase myocardial fibrosis at 4-day post-infection, although PAmut-infected mice showed an early increase in mRNAs expression of lysyl oxidase. Conclusion Human IAV can infect the heart and cardiac-specific conduction system, which may contribute to cardiac complications and premature death.

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A Matched Influenza Vaccine Strain Was Effective in Reducing the Risk of Acute Myocardial Infarction in Elderly Persons

Cited by 15 publications

References 20 publications

Protective effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Protective effect of influenza vaccination on cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Immune Mechanisms in Cardiovascular Diseases Associated With Viral Infection

Human influenza A virus causes myocardial and cardiac-specific conduction system infections associated with early inflammation and premature death

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