Abstract. Given a basis B = {f1, . . . , f k } for 2-cocycles f : G × G → {±1} over a group G of order |G| = 4t, we describe a non-linear system of 4t − 1 equations and k indeterminates xi over Z Z2, 1 ≤ i ≤ k, whose solutions determine the whole set of cocyclic Hadamard matrices over G, in the sense that (x 1 , . . . , x k ) is a solution of the system if and only if the 2-cocycle f = f , gj)). Furthermore, the study of any isolated equation of the system provides upper and lower bounds on the number of coboundary generators in B which have to be combined to form a cocyclic Hadamard matrix coming from a special class of cocycles. We include some results on the families of groups Z Z 2 2 × Z Z t and D4t. A deeper study of the system provides some more nice properties. For instance, in the case of dihedral groups D 4t , we have found that it suffices to check t instead of the 4t rows of M f , to decide the Hadamard character of the matrix (for a special class of cocycles f ).