A Mathematical Model Combined with Radar Data for Bell-Less Charging of a Blast Furnace

Abstract

Charging directly affects the burden distribution of a blast furnace, which determines the gas distribution in the shaft of the furnace. Adjusting the charging can improve the distribution of the gas flow, increase the gas utilization efficiency of the furnace, reduce energy consumption, and prolong the life of the blast furnace. In this paper, a mathematical model of blast furnace charging was developed and applied on a steel plant in China, which includes the display of the burden profile, burden layers, descent speed of the layers, and ore/coke ratio. Furthermore, the mathematical model is developed to combine the radar data of the burden profile. The above model is currently used in Nanjing Steel as a reference for operators to adjust the charging. The model is being tested with a radar system on the blast furnace.

Development and Implementation of Decision Support Systems for Blast Smelting Control in the Conditions of PrJSC “Kamet-Steel”

“…In addition to preliminary studies, it is necessary to equip BFs with additional means (systems) for monitoring process parameters. Such important and promising means of control for Ukraine include the following: means of temperature control of the gas flow over the burden surface [14][15][16], radar means for monitoring the configuration of the burden surface [17][18][19], means for controlling the distribution of the chemical composition of gases along the radius of the BF above the burden surface and (or) in the upper zone of the BF [20], control of blast distribution for each air tuyere, and multi-point control of static pressure along the height of the BF shaft [21].…”

“…BF charging control is an important element in controlling the operation of a BF and achieving high technical and economic indicators. Literature analysis reveals a variety of mathematical models used to assist in the distribution of charge materials, using discrete element modeling [37][38][39][40][41], experiments on physical models [40][41][42], dynamic clustering method based on dynamic time deformation and adaptive resonance theory, charge distribution control based on the inverse dynamic model [43], other methods of calculation and forecasting [43], and known methods based on radar technology [17][18][19]44] to determine the surface of the charge. To implement the third DSS for adjusting the parameters of the charging mode, it is proposed to use information on the dynamics of changes in the temperatures of the gas flow above the charge surface.…”

Calculation of Coke Layers Situation in the Cohesive Zone of Blast Furnace

“…Numerous experimental and numerical studies devoted to charging particle behavior or identifying the shape and location of the cohesion zone can be found elsewhere. Among them should be mentioned cold models [ 7 , 8 , 9 ] or mathematical models [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. Also, more advanced modeling techniques like the discrete element method (DEM) [ 9 , 16 , 17 , 18 ], computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ] and a combination of the two [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] are also reported.…”

“…The miscellaneous types of input data are used as an initial condition. Most of them are measured outside the burden by utilities like thermocouples in the wall, above burden probes, radar profilometer, or throat IR camera [ 13 , 15 , 29 , 30 ]; cooling water temperature may also be taken into account. However, there are measuring methods known to be more intrusive into the BF working space such as descending probe (DP) and horizontal below burden gas probe (BBP).…”

“…It can be seen that the mentioned models [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] differ from each other not only in the method used but mostly in the type and place of input data collection. The less intrusive the measure, the more sophisticated the modeling methods used.…”