A mathematical model of herding in horse-harem group

Go, Clark Kendrick; Ringhofer, Monamie; Lao, Bryan; Kubo, Takatomi; Yamamoto, Shinya; Ikeda, Kazushi

doi:10.1007/s10164-020-00656-0

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Furthermore, this Garrano population is subjected to predation pressures by Iberian wolves ( Canis lupus signatus ; Nakamura et al., 2021). Research on this population has been ongoing since 2016 (Go et al., 2020; Inoue et al., 2018, 2020; Maeda, Ochi, et al., 2021; Maeda, Sueur, et al., 2021; Mendonça et al., 2020, 2021, 2022; Pinto & Hirata, 2020; Pinto et al., 2022; Ringhofer et al., 2017, 2020). Thus far, 35 harem groups and approximately 200 individuals have been identified, including foals (Mendonça et al., 2022).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the effect of sociodemographic factors on feral horses' social networks

et al. 2023

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The benefits of sociality are not equitably shared among members of a social group. The position individuals occupy in social networks is key to maximizing their fitness and contribution to group cohesion, as well as stability in the network structure. Individuals' position in a social network is highly influenced by intra‐group competition and affiliation; therefore, it should be assessed by examining various spatial‐social variables. In this study, we examined the relationship between proximity, grooming and agonistic networks, controlling for genetic relatedness, and the effects of sociodemographic factors on the strength centrality (SC) of these social networks. We combined drone technology and social network analysis to test several hypotheses on 16 feral horse groups during three consecutive breeding seasons. Our results show a clear relationship between spatial and social behaviours, suggesting that proximity and grooming are intimately connected in promoting social bonding, and agonism may be a consequence of close proximity between conspecifics. Sociodemographic factors shaped the three network centralities differently. Females and higher‐ranking individuals are more central in spatial networks, whereas younger ones may benefit from higher centrality in affiliative networks. Newly integrated individuals tend to be peripheral on spatial networks and engage more in agonistic behaviours; corroborating that integration into a new group is a costly process for females, ultimately leading to a decreased foaling rate. Individuals in multi‐male groups showed higher SC in proximity, but not in agonistic networks, suggesting that a second male may play a role in decreasing overall intra‐group competition. Our results provide a step forward in understanding the costs and benefits of network centrality in non‐matrilineal societies and mechanisms leading to social cohesion, namely in populations under the constant threat of predation and human pressures.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the effect of sociodemographic factors on feral horses' social networks

et al. 2023

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“…After obtaining results from still images taken by a drone as described above, researchers of feral horses at Serra D'Arga proceeded to record video using a drone to analyze the movements of the horses. Ringhofer et al [31] focused on herding behavior as the first step of movement analysis.…”

Section: Movement Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ringhofer et al [31] analyzed 12 instances of herding in video clips and showed that the females that moved first were those nearest the herding male at the beginning of the herding behavior. The movement initiation of the second and subsequent females was determined by the distance from the nearest moving female rather than by the distance from the herding male.…”

Section: Movement Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying feral horse behavior from the sky

Hirata

2022

Artif Life Robotics

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“…To measure the non-social behavioural activity (such as walking) as a potential effective factor for HR and HRVs, we also calculated the total movement distance of the ECG-recorded crow separately during pre-and encounter phase based on the video-tracking data using the software UMATracker [29][30][31].…”

Section: Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social encounters produce different autonomic response between dominants and subordinates in crows

2022

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Recent studies of behavioural physiology on animals have suggested the crucial role of peripherally physiological signals in eliciting arousal and emotion. Heart rate (HR) is one of the useful and critical signals to measure autonomic regulation as a physiological basis for arousal and emotion in response to biologically significant stimuli such as social encounter with conspecific individuals. However, our understanding of peripherally physiological response such as HRs and autonomic activities under social contexts of non-human animals is still limited, particularly in birds. Here, we examined the autonomic activity of behaving crows exposed to a dominant and a subordinate conspecific by using non-invasive electrocardiogram recording. We found different patterns of autonomic responses dependent on the relative dominance position: dominant crows encountering subordinates showed the elevation of sympathetic activity, whereas subordinates encountering dominants showed decreased HR with elevated parasympathetic activity. This is the first study in birds to report different autonomic responses dependent on relative dominance positions during dyadic social encounters. The present study advances our understanding of the role of the peripheral autonomic system, as an interactive system with the brain, in eliciting emotion/arousal associated with socially challenging environments from an evolutionary perspective.

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A mathematical model of herding in horse-harem group

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Examining the effect of sociodemographic factors on feral horses' social networks

Examining the effect of sociodemographic factors on feral horses' social networks

Studying feral horse behavior from the sky

Social encounters produce different autonomic response between dominants and subordinates in crows

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