“…Several kinematic and dynamic modelling methods were presented for mobile manipulators in the past decade, such as the Kane's method (Tanner & Kyriakopoulos, 2001), the Newton-Euler method (Chung & Velinsky, 1999) and the Lagrange method (Li & Liu, 2004b;Liu & Li, 2005a;Yu & Chen, 2002). Tip-over analysis and prevention attracted numerous scholars and several tip-over stability criteria were defined, such as the potential energy stability level (Ghasempoor & Sepehri, 1995), the force-angle stability measure (Papadopoulos & Rey, 1996), the zero moment point criterion (Furuno et al, 2003), and the criterion based on supporting forces (Li & Liu, 2005b). Extensive literatures can be found on control of mobile manipulators.…”