A mechanism for electrostatic solitary waves observed in the reconnection jet region of the Earth’s magnetotail

Lakhina, G. S.; Singh, S. V.; Rubia, R.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2021.04.026

Cited by 10 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…An interesting new feature is that the SW amplitude may increase as the Mach number reduces toward M min , below which no solitary wave may exist. Recently, Lakhina et al (2021) also studied the generation mechanism of such waves in reconnection jets by taking into account beam thermal effects (although these were not discussed by Liu et al 2019), assuming ion beams with Maxwellian electrons in the background.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A plasma-fluid model consisting of two hot counterstreaming ion beams and Maxwellian electrons was adopted by Lakhina et al (2021Lakhina et al ( , 2020, who were the first to show that SWs may exist below critical Mach number, provided that certain conditions are met. Verheest & Hellberg (2021) subsequently revisited the same model by neglecting thermal ion effects and pinpointed the crucial role played by the beam speed(s)-rather than thermal effects-in subsonic solitary wave formation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Existence of Subsonic Solitary Waves Associated with Reconnection Jets in Earth’s Magnetotail

Singh,

Varghese,

Verheest

et al. 2023

ApJ

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The Magnetospheric Multiscale Spacecraft (MMS) has detected the signature of electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) occurring in the reconnection jet site of the Earth’s magnetotail (Liu et al.). These observations have motivated us to explore the mechanism underlying the formation of fast- and slow-mode ion-acoustic solitary waves in the magnetotail region. To this end, we have formulated a three-component magnetized plasma model consisting of nonthermal electrons and two cold ion beams streaming parallel and antiparallel to the magnetic field, respectively. In this work, we have examined the existence conditions for ion-acoustic subsonic waves in a suprathermal space plasma comprising two counterstreaming (drifting) ion beams interacting with a suprathermal electron background. An exact (nonperturbative) nonlinear technique has been adopted to examine the role of the beam velocity and the spectral index on the evolution of subsonic waves. Linear analysis reveals that subsonic waves are unstable when the beam velocity is lower than a threshold value; hence in this regime, only conventional supersonic (fast) waves are formed. On the other hand, when the beam velocity exceeds the threshold, either supersonic or subsonic waves may exist. The combined impact of the beam velocity and electron superthermality on the characteristics of subsonic solitary waves has been analyzed. Our results are shown to be in good agreement with observations of slow ESWs by the MMS spacecraft. Our findings will help to unfold the so-far unexplored dynamical characteristics of subsonic waves that may occur in the reconnection site of Earth’s magnetotail.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Existence of Subsonic Solitary Waves Associated with Reconnection Jets in Earth’s Magnetotail

Singh,

Varghese,

Verheest

et al. 2023

ApJ

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“…The Sagdeev pseudopotential, S(f, M) must comply with the following conditions for the existence of soliton solution (Lakhina et al 2018;Rubia et al 2018;Lakhina et al 2021a):…”

Section: Theoretical Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Generally, the ESWs are accountable for the generation of broadband electrostatic noise (BEN) or electrostatic turbulence in the space plasma environment (Matsumoto et al 1994;Lakhina et al 2000). In the literature, a large number of theoretical studies on the generation mechanism, structure, and properties of the ESWs in various space plasma environments are available (Lakhina et al 2021a, Reddy & Lakhina 1991Lakhina & Singh 2015;Rubia et al 2016Rubia et al , 2017Lakhina et al 2018Lakhina et al , 2021a) (For further details, kindly refer Lakhina et al 2018Lakhina et al , 2021b and references therein.) However, research on the nature of ESWs in the Venus ionosphere pervaded by the solar wind is limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostatic Solitary Waves in the Venusian Ionosphere Pervaded by the Solar Wind: A Theoretical Perspective

Rubia

Singh

Lakhina

et al. 2023

ApJ

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Electrostatic solitary waves (ESWs) in the Venusian ionosphere that are impinged by the solar wind are investigated using a homogeneous, collisionless, and magnetized multicomponent plasma consisting of Venusian H+ and O+ ions, Maxwellian Venusian electrons and streaming solar wind protons, and suprathermal electrons following κ − distribution. The model supports the propagation of positive potential slow O+ and H+ ion-acoustic solitons. The evolution and properties of the solitons occurring in two sectors, viz., dawn-dusk and noon-midnight sector of the Venus ionosphere at an altitude of (200–2000) km, are studied. The theoretical model predicts positive potential solitons with amplitude ∼(0.067–56) mV, width ∼(1.7–53.21) m, and velocity ∼(1.48–8.33) km s−1. The bipolar soliton electric field has amplitude ∼(0.03–27.67) mV m−1 with time duration ∼(0.34–22) ms. These bipolar electric field pulses when Fourier transformed to the frequency domain occur as a broadband electrostatic noise, with frequency varying in the range of ∼9.78 Hz–8.77 kHz. Our results can explain the observed electrostatic waves in the frequency range of 100 Hz–5.4 kHz in the Venus ionosphere by the Pioneer Venus Orbiter mission. The model can also be relevant in explaining the recent observation of ESWs in the Venus magnetosheath by the Solar Orbiter during its first gravity assist maneuver of Venus.

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“…The propagation of large amplitude soliton waves in the reconnection jet region of the Earth's magnetotail was investigated by Lakhina et al [ 44 ] utilizing the Sagdeev pseudopotential technique. This study predicted the generation of four fast and slow soliton waves, where the potential profile of these pulses has been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mechanism that drives electrostatic solitary waves to propagate in the Earth's magnetosphere and solar wind

Afify

Tolba

Moslem

2022

Contributions to Plasma Physics

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The origin of the solitary waves in the Earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind, particularly close to the magnetic reconnection (MR) regions, is still an open question. For that purpose, we used the fluid model to obtain the mechanism behind the formation of solitary waves in space plasmas with a variety of components. Our findings reveal that at the separatrix of the MR in the Earth's magnetotail, the counter-ejected electron beam leads to a broadening of the pulse amplitude. While increasing the electron beam positive velocity causes a bit increase in the soliton amplitude. Moreover, we observed that the soliton profile is very sensitive to the plasma parameters like density and temperature. The calculated electric field using the current model and the measured electric field in the Earth's magnetosphere and solar wind is highlighted.

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A mechanism for electrostatic solitary waves observed in the reconnection jet region of the Earth’s magnetotail

Cited by 10 publications

References 101 publications

On the Existence of Subsonic Solitary Waves Associated with Reconnection Jets in Earth’s Magnetotail

On the Existence of Subsonic Solitary Waves Associated with Reconnection Jets in Earth’s Magnetotail

Electrostatic Solitary Waves in the Venusian Ionosphere Pervaded by the Solar Wind: A Theoretical Perspective

The mechanism that drives electrostatic solitary waves to propagate in the Earth's magnetosphere and solar wind

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