A Mechanism for Sustained Cellulose Synthesis during Salt Stress

Endler, Anne; Kesten, Christopher; Schneider, René; Zhang, Yi; Ivakov, Alexander; Froehlich, Anja; Funke, Norma; Persson, Staffan

doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.028

Cited by 261 publications

(316 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Upon recovery from osmotic stress, relocalization of CSCs to the plasma membrane was observed in association with microtubuletethered compartments (Gutierrez et al, 2009). Similarly, after prolonged salt treatment, microtubule arrays disappear after 2 h and start to reappear after 8 h, remaining stable thereafter (Endler et al, 2015). This correlates well with the membrane localization dynamics of CSCs (Endler et al, 2015).…”

Section: Changes In the Cell Wall Enable Growth Recoverysupporting

confidence: 61%

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

et al. 2016

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Water is the most limiting resource on land for plant growth, and its uptake by plants is affected by many abiotic stresses, such as salinity, cold, heat, and drought. While much research has focused on exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying the cellular signaling events governing water-stress responses, it is also important to consider the role organismal structure plays as a context for such responses. The regulation of growth in plants occurs at two spatial scales: the cell and the organ. In this review, we focus on how the regulation of growth at these different spatial scales enables plants to acclimate to water-deficit stress. The cell wall is discussed with respect to how the physical properties of this structure affect water loss and how regulatory mechanisms that affect wall extensibility maintain growth under water deficit. At a higher spatial scale, the architecture of the root system represents a highly dynamic physical network that facilitates access of the plant to a heterogeneous distribution of water in soil. We discuss the role differential growth plays in shaping the structure of this system and the physiological implications of such changes.

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Section: Changes In the Cell Wall Enable Growth Recoverysupporting

confidence: 61%

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

et al. 2016

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“…To assess if any BR-related genes that could potentially influence cellulose biosynthesis were coexpressed with the CESAs, we used the recently developed FamNet (23) with several primary wall cellulose-related genes as queries, including CESA1, CESA6, the CSC-associated KORRIGAN 1 (KOR1) endoglucanase (24,25), the GPI-anchored COBRA (26,27), and the companion of cellulose synthase 1 (CC1) (28). Interestingly, we found that BIN2 was coexpressed with many of the primary wall cellulose-related genes ( Fig.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 negatively regulates cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis by phosphorylating cellulose synthase 1

Sánchez-Rodríguez

Ketelaar

Schneider

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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102

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The deposition of cellulose is a defining aspect of plant growth and development, but regulation of this process is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the protein kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2), a key negative regulator of brassinosteroid (BR) signaling, can phosphorylate Arabidopsis cellulose synthase A1 (CESA1), a subunit of the primary cell wall cellulose synthase complex, and thereby negatively regulate cellulose biosynthesis. Accordingly, point mutations of the BIN2-mediated CESA1 phosphorylation site abolished BIN2-dependent regulation of cellulose synthase activity. Hence, we have uncovered a mechanism for how BR signaling can modulate cellulose synthesis in plants.

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“…Cellulose synthase coaligns with and moves bidirectionally along cortical microtubules (Paredez et al, 2006). A large cellulose synthase interacting protein (CSI1) links microtubule and CESA complexes (Gu et al, 2010), and two companion proteins of cellulose synthase (CC1 and CC2) bind to microtubules and promote microtubule dynamics (Endler et al, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

Anisotropic Cell Expansion Is Affected through the Bidirectional Mobility of Cellulose Synthase Complexes and Phosphorylation at Two Critical Residues on CESA3

Chen

Jia²,

Zhao³

et al. 2016

Plant Physiol.

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Here we report that phosphorylation status of S211 and T212 of the CESA3 component of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cellulose synthase impacts the regulation of anisotropic cell expansion as well as cellulose synthesis and deposition and microtubule-dependent bidirectional mobility of CESA complexes. Mutation of S211 to Ala caused a significant decrease in the length of etiolated hypocotyls and primary roots, while root hairs were not significantly affected. By contrast, the S211E mutation stunted the growth of root hairs, but primary roots were not significantly affected. Similarly, T212E caused a decrease in the length of root hairs but not root length. However, T212E stunted the growth of etiolated hypocotyls. Live-cell imaging of fluorescently labeled CESA showed that the rate of movement of CESA particles was directionally asymmetric in etiolated hypocotyls of S211A and T212E mutants, while similar bidirectional velocities were observed with the wild-type control and S211E and T212A mutant lines. Analysis of cell wall composition and the innermost layer of cell wall suggests a role for phosphorylation of CESA3 S211 and T212 in cellulose aggregation into fibrillar bundles. These results suggest that microtubule-guided bidirectional mobility of CESA complexes is fine-tuned by phosphorylation of CESA3 S211 and T212, which may, in turn, modulate cellulose synthesis and organization, resulting in or contributing to the observed defects of anisotropic cell expansion.

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A Mechanism for Sustained Cellulose Synthesis during Salt Stress

Cited by 261 publications

References 49 publications

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

Growing Out of Stress: The Role of Cell- and Organ-Scale Growth Control in Plant Water-Stress Responses

BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 negatively regulates cellulose synthesis in Arabidopsis by phosphorylating cellulose synthase 1

Anisotropic Cell Expansion Is Affected through the Bidirectional Mobility of Cellulose Synthase Complexes and Phosphorylation at Two Critical Residues on CESA3

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