A mechanism of paraquat toxicity in mice and rats

Bus, James S.; Cagen, Stuart Z.; Olgaard, M K; Gibson, James E.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(76)90073-9

Cited by 234 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hyperoxia, which increases the rates of mitochondrial ROS generation (Turrens et al, 1982a,Turrens et al, 1982b, is widely considered to be an appropriate experimental model for the elevation of oxidative stress, especially in comparison to the frequently used redox cyclers such as paraquat, which generate O -. 2 but also deplete NADPH (Bus et al, 1976). Notwithstanding these considerations, the present findings indicated that hyperoxia did not reproduce the pattern of changes observed in glutathione redox state during normal aging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 35%

Comparison between the effects of aging and hyperoxia on glutathione redox state and protein mixed disulfides in Drosophila melanogaster

Rebrin

Sohal

2006

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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The main purpose of this study was to determine whether experimental enhancement of oxidative stress by exposure to hyperoxia is an appropriate model for the acceleration of the normal aging process or for establishing a causal association between oxidative stress and aging. Insect tissues are directly exposed to ambient air via the tracheolar invaginations and are thus highly susceptible to oxidative stress under hyperoxic conditions. Amounts of glutathione (GSH), glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and protein mixed disulfides (PrSSG) were compared under normoxic and 100% ambient oxygen in males of two different strains of Drosophila melanogaster (Oregon R (WT) and y w strains). The reason for using two different strains was to preclude the effects of genetic background and to determine whether variations in longevity of the two strains are associated with resistance to oxidative stress. Amounts of GSSG and PrSSG increased whereas GSH:GSSG ratios declined as a function of age in both strains. Under hyperoxia, y w flies did not exhibit an increase in GSSG amount or a decline in GSH:GSSG ratio, whereas WT flies showed a decline in GSH:GSSG ratio only during the later part of hyperoxic exposure. In neither strain there was a progressive increase in PrSSG amount under hyperoxia. Results indicate that hyperoxia (100% oxygen) neither reproduces nor accelerates the pattern of alterations in glutathione redox state and PrSSG content observed during aging under normoxic conditions, although some other indicators of oxidative stress may be affected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 35%

Comparison between the effects of aging and hyperoxia on glutathione redox state and protein mixed disulfides in Drosophila melanogaster

Rebrin

Sohal

2006

Mechanisms of Ageing and Development

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“…Oxygen-stressed (''O 2 '') were 3-day-old flies subjected to 100% oxygen atmosphere for 7 days (Ϸ50% survival of the cohort). The 100% oxygen stress was chosen because it appears to be a more specific oxidative stress than paraquat, which may also deplete NADPH (22,23). Each condition (Y, O 2 , Old) had five to six replicates of 30 flies each.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similar gene expression patterns characterize aging and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster

Landis

Abdueva²,

Skvortsov³

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

357

324

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Affymetrix GeneChips were used to measure RNA abundance for Ϸ13,500 Drosophila genes in young, old, and 100% oxygenstressed flies. Data were analyzed by using a recently developed background correction algorithm and a robust multichip modelbased statistical analysis that dramatically increased the ability to identify changes in gene expression. Aging and oxidative stress responses shared the up-regulation of purine biosynthesis, heat shock protein, antioxidant, and innate immune response genes. Results were confirmed by using Northerns and transgenic reporters. Immune response gene promoters linked to GFP allowed longitudinal assay of gene expression during aging in individual flies. Immune reporter expression in young flies was partially predictive of remaining life span, suggesting their potential as biomonitors of aging.

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“…• formation (Bus et al, 1976), thapsigargin inhibits Ca 2+ pumping in the endoplasmic reticulum (Thastrup, 1990), tunicamycin is an antibiotic that interferes with…”

Section: Assessment Of Fibroblast Resistance To Lethal Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linkages between the life-history evolution of tropical and temperate birds and the resistance of their cells to oxidative and non-oxidative chemical injury

Jiménez

Harper

Queenborough

et al. 2012

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYA fundamental challenge facing physiological ecologists is to understand how variation in life history at the whole-organism level might be linked to cellular function. Thus, because tropical birds have higher annual survival and lower rates of metabolism, we hypothesized that cells from tropical species would have greater cellular resistance to chemical injury than cells from temperate species. We cultured dermal fibroblasts from 26 tropical and 26 temperate species of birds and examined cellular resistance to cadmium, H 2 O 2 , paraquat, thapsigargin, tunicamycium, methane methylsulfonate (MMS) and UV light. Using ANCOVA, we found that the values for the dose that killed 50% of cells (LD 50 ) from tropical birds were significantly higher for H 2 O 2 and MMS. When we tested for significance using a generalized least squares approach accounting for phylogenetic relationships among species to model LD 50 , we found that cells from tropical birds had greater tolerance for Cd, H 2 O 2 , paraquat, tunicamycin and MMS than cells from temperate birds. In contrast, tropical birds showed either lower or no difference in tolerance to thapsigargin and UV light in comparison with temperate birds. These findings are consistent with the idea that natural selection has uniquely fashioned cells of long-lived tropical bird species to be more resistant to forms of oxidative and non-oxidative stress than cells from shorterlived temperate species.Supplementary material available online at

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A mechanism of paraquat toxicity in mice and rats

Cited by 234 publications

References 25 publications

Comparison between the effects of aging and hyperoxia on glutathione redox state and protein mixed disulfides in Drosophila melanogaster

Comparison between the effects of aging and hyperoxia on glutathione redox state and protein mixed disulfides in Drosophila melanogaster

Similar gene expression patterns characterize aging and oxidative stress in Drosophila melanogaster

Linkages between the life-history evolution of tropical and temperate birds and the resistance of their cells to oxidative and non-oxidative chemical injury

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