A mechanistic review: potential chronic disease‐preventive properties of sorghum

Amarakoon, Darshika; Lou, Zhidong; Lee, Wu-Joo; Smolensky, Dmitriy; Lee, Seong-Ho

doi:10.1002/jsfa.10933

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Health benefits of sorghum have been studied by many research groups focusing on the prevention of human chronic diseases including obesity [ 6 ]. The obesity-preventive activity of diverse sorghum extracts was reported [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

et al. 2022

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Obesity is one of the leading public health problems that can result in life-threatening metabolic and chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and cancer. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) is the fifth most important cereal crop in the world and certain genotypes of sorghum have high polyphenol content. PI570481, SC84, and commercially available sumac sorghum are high-polyphenol genotypes that have demonstrated strong anti-cancer activities in previous studies. The objective of this study was to explore a potential anti-obesity use of extracts from sorghum bran in the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and to investigate cellular and molecular responses in differentiated adipocytes to elucidate related mechanisms. None of the four different sorghum bran extracts (PI570481, SC84, Sumac, and white sorghum as a low-polyphenol control) caused cytotoxicity in undifferentiated and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells at doses used in this study. Sorghum bran extracts (PI570481, SC84, and Sumac) reduced intracellular lipid accumulation and expression of adipogenic and lipogenic proteins in a dose-dependent manner in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. The same polyphenol containing sorghum bran extracts also repressed production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MAPK signaling pathways and repressed insulin signaling and glucose uptake in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. These data propose a potential use of high-phenolic sorghum bran for the prevention of obesity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sorghum-derived phenols were shown to have potential health benefits in the management of obesity and diabetes [ 6 ]. Several preclinical studies reported anti-obesity activities of sorghum extracts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

et al. 2022

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“…There is a growing body of evidence that the increased consumption of whole grains containing phytochemicals is an effective way to prevent diverse types of cancer. Sorghum has received less attention due to the fact that the consumption of sorghum is relatively small compared to that of other cereals, despite showing beneficial action against chronic diseases in humans [ 27 , 28 ]. Since the most abundant bioactive component in sorghum is polyphenols, we screened several sorghum brans from the sorghum association panel and identified PI570481 as a novel high phenolic (HP) black sorghum genotype [ 12 ], and proposed optimal extraction conditions to maximize the extraction of phenolic compounds [ 13 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenol Containing Sorghum Brans Exhibit an Anti-Cancer Effect in Apc Min/+ Mice Treated with Dextran Sodium Sulfate

Lee

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Colon cancer (CC) is considered a high-risk cancer in developed countries. Its etiology is correlated with a high consumption of red meat and low consumption of plant-based foods, including whole grains. Sorghum bran is rich in polyphenols. This study aimed to determine whether different high-phenolic sorghum brans suppress tumor formation in a genetic CC rodent model and elucidate mechanisms. Tissue culture experiments used colorectal cancer cell lines SW480, HCT-116 and Caco-2 and measured protein expression, and protein activity. The animal model used in this study was APC Min+/mouse model combined with dextram sodium sulfate. High phenolic sorghum bran extract treatment resulted in the inhibition of proliferation and induced apoptosis in CC cell lines. Treatment with high phenolic sorghum bran extracts repressed TNF-α-stimulated NF-κB transactivation and IGF-1-stimulated PI3K/AKT pathway via the downregulation of β-catenin transactivation. Furthermore, high-phenolic sorghum bran extracts activated AMPK and autophagy. Feeding with high-phenolic sorghum bran for 6 weeks significantly suppressed tumor formation in an APC Min/+ dextran sodium sulfate promoted CC mouse model. Our data demonstrates the potential application of high-phenolic sorghum bran as a functional food for the prevention of CC.

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“…Several studies conducted by scientists have shown that sorghum works against obesity. The results showed that the extracts of this cereal significantly inhibited the differentiation and accumulation of triglycerides [ 81 ]. Similar studies in rats showed a fairly large decrease in body weight of animals fed with feed containing sorghum.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One study compared weight gain of rabbits according to the type of feed they consumed. It turned out that animals whose diets were based on maize and sorghum gained significantly less weight than those eating corn alone [ 81 ]. Human clinical trials with sorghum have also been conducted to investigate obesity-related parameters.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concentration of Pro-Health Compound of Sorghum Grain-Based Foods

Frankowski

Przybylska-Balcerek

Stuper‐Szablewska

2022

Foods

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More than 35% of the world sorghum seed production is a human food source. The main ingredient of fully ripe sorghum grains is starch. Sorghum does not contain gluten, and it is also a rich source of antioxidant compounds other than vitamins or macro- and microelements, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and sterols. The aim of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity and the content of selected bioactive compounds, i.e., total phenolic acids, total flavonoids, and total phytosterols, as well as determination of the qualitative and quantitative profile of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and phytosterols in various food products, the basic ingredient of which was sorghum grain. It was found that antioxidant activity is related to the total phenolic compounds content. The ABTS•+ ranged from 319 to 885 µmol TROLOX/kg. However, white sorghum grain flour contained almost two times more polyphenols than red sorghum grain flour. The FPA ranged from 224 in raw pasta to 689 mgGAE/100 g in white sorghum grain. During this study, the quantitative profile of selected polyphenols in grain flour, wafers, pasta, and cookies containing sorghum grain was also investigated, as well as the content of 11 selected phenolic acids. Total content of the latter ranged from 445 to 2850 mg/kg. Phytosterols such as beta-sitosterol, campesterol, and stigmasterol were found in all the analyzed products. Based on this research, it was investigated that the products containing sorghum grains can be classified as functional food.

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A mechanistic review: potential chronic disease‐preventive properties of sorghum

Cited by 14 publications

References 67 publications

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

Anti-Adipogenic Activity of High-Phenolic Sorghum Brans in Pre-Adipocytes

Polyphenol Containing Sorghum Brans Exhibit an Anti-Cancer Effect in Apc Min/+ Mice Treated with Dextran Sodium Sulfate

Concentration of Pro-Health Compound of Sorghum Grain-Based Foods

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